Search Results for “when is a company allowed to include just two years of financials in a prosectus”

Q: when is a company allowed to include just two years of financials in a prosectus

A: A company is allowed to include just two years of financial statements in a prospectus under certain conditions as outlined in the regulations: 1. **IPO Venture Issuer or Reporting Issuer**: If the issuer is an IPO venture issuer or a reporting issuer in at least one jurisdiction immediately before filing the prospectus, they are not required to include the financial statements for the third most recently completed financial year (Section 32.4(1)(a)). 2. **Recent Financial Year**: If the issuer includes financial statements for a financial year ended less than 90 days before the date of the prospectus (or 120 days if the issuer is a venture issuer), they are not required to include the financial statements for the second most recently completed financial year (Section 32.4(1)(b)). 3. **Nine-Month Period**: If the issuer includes audited financial statements for a period of at least nine months commencing the day after the most recently completed financial year, and the business is not seasonal, they are not required to include the financial statements for the second and third most recently completed financial years (Section 32.4(1)(d)). 4. **Junior Issuer**: If the issuer is a junior issuer and the financial statements for the most recently completed financial year are not less than 12 months in length, they are not required to include the financial statements for the second and third most recently completed financial years (Section 32.5(b)). These exceptions allow issuers to provide fewer than three years of financial statements under specific circumstances, ensuring that the prospectus still provides adequate financial information to investors.

Form 41-101F1 Information Required in a Prospectus

Item 32 Financial Statement Disclosure for Issuers

Section 32.2

Annual financial statements

(1) Subject to section 32.4, include annual financial statements of the issuer consisting of

(a) a statement of comprehensive income, a statement of changes in equity, and a statement of cash flows for each of the three most recently completed financial years ended more than

(i) 90 days before the date of the prospectus, or

(ii) 120 days before the date of the prospectus, if the issuer is a venture issuer,

(b) a statement of financial position as at the end of the two most recently completed financial years described in paragraph (a),

(c) a statement of financial position as at the beginning of the earliest comparative period for which financial statements that are included in the prospectus comply with IFRS in the case of an issuer that

(i) discloses in its annual financial statements an unreserved statement of compliance with IFRS, and

(ii) does any of the following

(A) applies an accounting policy retrospectively in its annual financial statements,

(B) makes a retrospective restatement of items in its annual financial statements, or

(d) in the case of an issuer’s first IFRS financial statements, the opening IFRS statement of financial position at the date of transition to IFRS, and

(e) notes to the annual financial statements.

(1.1) If an issuer presents the components of profit or loss in a separate income statement, the separate income statement must be displayed immediately before the statement of comprehensive income filed under subsection (1).

(2) If the issuer has not completed three financial years, include the financial statements described under subsection (1) for each completed financial year ended more than

(a) 90 days before the date of the prospectus, or

(b) 120 days before the date of the prospectus, if the issuer is a venture issuer.

(3) If the issuer has not included in the prospectus financial statements for a completed financial year, include the financial statements described under subsection (1) or (2) for a period from the date the issuer was formed to a date not more than 90 days before the date of the prospectus.

(4) If an issuer changed its financial year end during any of the financial years referred to in this section and the transition year is less than nine months, the transition year is deemed not to be a financial year for the purposes of the requirement to provide financial statements for a specified number of financial years in this section.

(5) Despite subsection (4), all financial statements of the issuer for a transition year referred to in subsection (4) must be included in the prospectus.

(6) Subject to section 32.4, if financial statements of any predecessor entity, business or businesses acquired by the issuer, or of any other entity are required under this section, then include

(a) statements of comprehensive income, statements of changes in equity, and statements of cash flow for the entities or businesses for as many periods before the acquisition as may be necessary so that when these periods are added to the periods for which the issuer’s statements of comprehensive income, statements of changes in equity, and statements of cash flow are included in the prospectus, the results of the entities or businesses, either separately or on a consolidated basis, total three years,

(b) statements of financial position for the entities or businesses for as many periods before the acquisition as may be necessary so that when these periods are added to the periods for which the issuer’s statements of financial position are included in the prospectus, the financial position of the entities or businesses, either separately or on a consolidated basis, total two years,

(c) if the entities or businesses have not completed three financial years, the financial statements described under paragraphs (a) and (b) for each completed financial year of the entities or businesses for which the issuer’s financial statements in the prospectus do not include the financial statements of the entities or businesses, either separately or on a consolidated basis, and ended more than

(i) 90 days before the date of the prospectus, or

(ii) 120 days before the date of the prospectus, if the issuer is a venture issuer,

(d) if an entity’s or business’s first IFRS financial statements are included under paragraphs (a), (b) or (c), the opening IFRS statement of financial position at the date of transition to IFRS, and

(e) a statement of financial position as at the beginning of the earliest comparative period for which financial statements that are included in the prospectus comply with IFRS in the case of an issuer that

(i) discloses in its annual financial statements an unreserved statement of compliance with IFRS, and

(ii) does any of the following

(A) applies an accounting policy retrospectively in its financial statements,

(B) makes a retrospective restatement of items in its financial statements, or

Companion Policy to National Instrument 41-101 General Prospectus Requirements

Part 5 Content of Long Form Prospectus (Financial Statements)

Section 5.6

Applications for exemption from requirement to include financial statements of the issuer

(1) We believe investors should receive in a long form prospectus for an IPO no less than three years of audited historical financial statements and that relief from the financial statements requirements should be granted only in unusual circumstances and generally not related solely to the cost or the time involved in preparing and auditing the financial statements.

(2) In view of our reluctance to grant exemptions from the requirement to include audited historical financial statements, issuers seeking relief should consult with staff on a pre-filing basis.

(3) Considerations relevant to granting an exemption from the requirement to include financial statements, generally for the years immediately preceding the issuer’s most recently completed financial year, may include the following:

The issuer’s historical accounting records have been destroyed and cannot be reconstructed.

(a) In this case, as a condition of granting the exemption, the issuer may be requested by a securities regulatory authority or regulator to

(i) represent in writing to the securities regulatory authority or regulator, no later than the time the preliminary long form prospectus is filed, that the issuer made every reasonable effort to obtain copies of, or reconstruct, the historical accounting records necessary to prepare and audit the financial statements, but such efforts were unsuccessful, and

(ii) disclose in the long form prospectus the fact that the historical accounting records have been destroyed and cannot be reconstructed.

The issuer has emerged from bankruptcy and current management is denied access to the historical accounting records necessary to audit the financial statements.

(b) In this case, as a condition of granting the exemption, the issuer may be requested by a securities regulatory authority or regulator to

(i) represent in writing to the securities regulatory authority or regulator, no later than the time the preliminary long form prospectus is filed, that the issuer has made every reasonable effort to obtain access to, or copies of, the historical accounting records necessary to audit the financial statements but that such efforts were unsuccessful, and

(ii) disclose in the long form prospectus the fact that the issuer has emerged from bankruptcy and current management is denied access to the historical accounting records.

The issuer has undergone a fundamental change in the nature of its business or operations affecting a majority of its operations and all, or substantially all, of the executive officers and directors of the company have changed.

(c) The evolution of a business or progression along a development cycle will not be considered to be a fundamental change in an issuer’s business or operations. Relief from the requirement to include financial statements of the issuer required by the Instrument for the year in which the change occurred, or for the most recently completed financial year if the change in operations occurred during the issuer’s current financial year, generally will not be granted.

(4) If, in unusual circumstances, relief from Part 4 of the Instrument is granted, additional financial information will likely be requested to allow a reader to gain a similar understanding of the entity’s financial position and prospects as one would gain from the information required in Part 4 of the Instrument.

Examples of acceptable additional information include an audited interim financial report, audited divisional statements of comprehensive income or cash flows, financial statements accompanied by an auditor’s report that expresses a modified opinion, or audited statements of net operating income.

Form 41-101F1 Information Required in a Prospectus

Item 32 Financial Statement Disclosure for Issuers

Section 32.4

Exceptions to financial statement requirements

(1) Despite section 32.2, an issuer is not required to include the following financial statements in a prospectus

(a) the statement of comprehensive income, the statement of changes in equity, and the statement of cash flows for the third most recently completed financial year, if the issuer is

(i) an IPO venture issuer, or

(ii) a reporting issuer in at least one jurisdiction immediately before filing the prospectus,

(b) the statement of comprehensive income, the statement of changes in equity, and the statement of cash flows for the third most recently completed financial year, and the financial statements for the second most recently completed financial year, if

(i) the issuer is a reporting issuer in at least one jurisdiction immediately before filing the prospectus, and

(ii) the issuer includes financial statements for a financial year ended less than

(A) 90 days before the date of the prospectus, or

(B) 120 days before the date of the prospectus, if the issuer is a venture issuer,

(c) the statement of comprehensive income, the statement of changes in equity, and the statement of cash flows for the third most recently completed financial year, and the statement of financial position for the second most recently completed financial year, if the issuer includes financial statements for a financial year ended less than 90 days before the date of the prospectus,

(d) the statement of comprehensive income, the statement of changes in equity, and the statement of cash flows for the third most recently completed financial year, and the financial statements for the second most recently completed financial year, if

(i) the issuer is a reporting issuer in at least one jurisdiction immediately before filing the prospectus,

(ii) the issuer includes audited financial statements for a period of at least nine months commencing the day after the most recently completed financial year for which financial statements are required under section 32.2,

(iii) the business of the issuer is not seasonal, and

(iv) none of the financial statements required under section 32.2 are for a financial year that is less than nine months,

(e) the statement of comprehensive income, the statement of changes in equity, and the statement of cash flows for the third most recently completed financial year, and the statement of financial position for the second most recently completed financial year, if

(i) the issuer includes audited financial statements for a period of at least nine months commencing the day after the most recently completed financial year for which financial statements are required under section 32.2,

(ii) the business of the issuer is not seasonal, and

(iii) none of the financial statements required under section 32.2 are for a financial year that is less than nine months, or

(f) the separate financial statements of the issuer and the other entity for periods prior to the date of the transaction, if the restated combined financial statements of the issuer and the other entity are included in the prospectus under paragraph 32.1(c).

(2) Paragraphs (1)(a), (b) and (d) do not apply to an issuer

(a) whose principal asset is cash, cash equivalents or its exchange listing; or

(b) in respect of financial statements of a reverse takeover acquirer for a completed or proposed transaction by the issuer that was or will be accounted for as a reverse takeover.

Form 41-101F1 Information Required in a Prospectus

Item 32 Financial Statement Disclosure for Issuers

Section 32.5

Exceptions to audit requirement

The audit requirement in section 4.2 of the Instrument does not apply to the following financial statements

(a) any financial statements for the second and third most recently completed financial years required under section 32.2, if

(i) those financial statements were previously included in a final prospectus without an auditor’s report pursuant to an exemption under applicable securities legislation, and

(ii) an auditor has not issued an auditor’s report on those financial statements,

(b) any financial statements for the second and third most recently completed financial years required under section 32.2, if

(i) the issuer is a junior issuer,

(i.1) an auditor has not issued an auditor’s report on those financial statements, and

(ii) the financial statements for the most recently completed financial year required under section 32.2 is not less than 12 months in length, or

Companion Policy to National Instrument 41-101 General Prospectus Requirements

Part 5 Content of Long Form Prospectus (Financial Statements)

Section 5.2

General financial statement requirements

If an issuer has filed annual financial statements or an interim financial report for periods that are more recent than those that the issuer must otherwise include in a long form prospectus before it files the prospectus, sections 32.6 and 35.8 of Form 41-101F1 require the issuer to include those financial statements in the long form prospectus. Issuers should update the disclosure in the prospectus accordingly in order to satisfy the requirement that the long form prospectus contain full, true and plain disclosure of all material facts relating to the securities being distributed. However, if historical financial information derived from more recent annual financial statements or interim financial report is released to the public by the issuer before the financial statements are filed, the prospectus should include the information included in the news release or public communication. There is no specific requirement in the Instrument to otherwise update the prospectus, or pro forma financial statements to reflect the more recent information.

We think the directors of an issuer should endeavor to consider and approve financial statements in a timely manner and should not delay the approval and filing of the financial statements for the purpose of avoiding their inclusion in a long form prospectus. Once the directors have approved an issuer’s financial statements, the issuer should file them as soon as possible.

Companion Policy to National Instrument 44-101 Short Form Prospectus Distributions

Part 4 Content of Short Form Prospectus

Section 4.9

Recent and Proposed Acquisitions

(1) Subsection 10.2(2) of Form 44-101F1 requires prescribed disclosure of a proposed acquisition that has progressed to a state “where a reasonable person would believe that the likelihood of the acquisition being completed is high” and that would, if completed on the date of the short form prospectus, be a significant acquisition for the purposes of Part 8 of NI 51-102. When interpreting the phrase “where a reasonable person would believe that the likelihood of the acquisition being completed is high”, it is our view that the following factors may be relevant in determining whether the likelihood of an acquisition being completed is high:

(a) whether the acquisition has been publicly announced;

(b) whether the acquisition is the subject of an executed agreement; and

The test of whether a proposed acquisition “has progressed to a state where a reasonable person would believe that the likelihood of the acquisition being completed is high” is an objective, rather than subjective, test in that the question turns on what a “reasonable person” would believe. It is not sufficient for an officer of an issuer to determine that he or she personally believes that the likelihood of the acquisition being completed is or is not high. The officer must form an opinion as to what a reasonable person would believe in the circumstances. In the event of a dispute, an objective test requires an adjudicator to decide whether a reasonable person would believe in the circumstances that the likelihood of an acquisition being completed was high. By contrast, if the disclosure requirement involved a subjective test, the adjudicator would assess an individual’s credibility and decide whether the personal opinion of the individual as to whether the likelihood of the acquisition being completed was high was an honestly held opinion. Formulating the disclosure requirement using an objective test rather than a subjective test strengthens the basis upon which the regulator may object to an issuer’s application of the test in particular circumstances.

(2) Subsection 10.2(3) of Form 44-101F1 requires inclusion of the financial statements or other information relating to certain acquisitions or proposed acquisitions if the inclusion of the financial statements or other information is necessary in order for the short form prospectus to contain full, true and plain disclosure of all material facts relating to the securities being distributed. We generally presume that the inclusion of financial statements or other information is required for all acquisitions that are, or would be, significant under Part 8 of NI 51-102. Issuers can rebut this presumption if they can provide evidence that the financial statements or other information are not required for full, true and plain disclosure.

Subsection 10.2(4) of Form 44-101F1 provides that issuers must satisfy the requirements of subsection 10.2(3) of Form 44-101F1 by including either:

(i) the financial statements or other information that would be required by Part 8 of NI 51-102; or

(ii) satisfactory alternative financial statements or other information.

Satisfactory alternative financial statements or other information may be provided to satisfy the requirements of subsection 10.2(3) when the financial statements or other information that would be required by Part 8 of NI 51-102 relate to a financial year ended within 90 days before the date of the prospectus or an interim period ended within 60 days before the date of the prospectus for issuers that are venture issuers, and 45 days for issuers that are not venture issuers. In these circumstances, we believe that satisfactory alternative financial statements or other information would not have to include any financial statements or other information for the acquisition or probable acquisition related to:

(a) a financial year ended within 90 days before the date of the short form prospectus; or

(b) an interim period ended within 60 days before the date of the short form prospectus for issuers that are venture issuers, and 45 days for issuers that are not venture issuers.

An example of satisfactory alternative financial statements or other information that we will generally find acceptable would be:

(c) comparative annual financial statements or other information for the acquisition or probable acquisition for at least the number of financial years as would be required under Part 8 of NI 51-102 that ended more than 90 days before the date of the short form prospectus, audited for the most recently completed financial period in accordance with NI 52-107, and reviewed for the comparative period in accordance with section 4.3 of NI 44-101;

(d) a comparative interim financial report or other information for the acquisition or probable acquisition for any interim period ended subsequent to the latest annual financial statements included in the short form prospectus and more than 60 days before the date of the short form prospectus for issuers that are venture issuers, and 45 days for issuers that are not venture issuers reviewed in accordance with section 4.3 of NI 44-101; and

(e) pro forma financial statements or other information required under Part 8 of NI 51-102.

If the issuer intends to include financial statements as set out in the example above as satisfactory alternative financial statements or other information, we ask that this be highlighted in the cover letter to the prospectus. If the issuer does not intend to include financial statements or other information, or intends to file financial statements or other information that are different from those set out above, we encourage the utilization of pre-filing procedures.

(3) When an issuer acquires a business or related businesses that has itself recently acquired another business or related businesses (an “indirect acquisition”), the issuer should consider whether prospectus disclosure about the indirect acquisition, including historical financial statements, is necessary to satisfy the requirement that the prospectus contain full, true and plain disclosure of all material facts relating to the securities being distributed. In making this determination, the issuer should consider the following factors:

if the indirect acquisition would meet any of the significance tests in Part 8 of NI 51-102 when the issuer applies each of those tests to its proportionate interest in the indirect acquisition of the business; and
if the amount of time between the separate acquisitions is such that the effect of the first acquisition is not adequately reflected in the results of the business or related businesses the issuer is acquiring.

(4) Subsection 10.2(3) discusses financial statements or other information for the completed or proposed acquisition of the business or related businesses. This “other information” is intended to capture the financial information disclosures required under Part 8 of NI 51-102 other than financial statements. An example of “other information” would include the operating statements, property descriptions, production volumes and reserves disclosures described under section 8.10 of NI 51-102.

Form 41-101F1 Information Required in a Prospectus

Item 32 Financial Statement Disclosure for Issuers

Section 32.8

Pro forma financial statements for multiple acquisitions

Despite subsection 32.7(1), an issuer is not required to include in its prospectus the pro forma financial statements otherwise required for each acquisition if the issuer includes in its prospectus one set of pro forma financial statements that

(a) reflects the results of each acquisition since the beginning of the issuer’s most recently completed financial year for which financial statements of the issuer are included in the prospectus, and

(b) is prepared as if each acquisition had occurred at the beginning of the most recently completed financial year of the issuer for which financial statements of the issuer are included in the prospectus.

Form 41-101F2 Information Required in an Investment Fund Prospectus

Item 38 Financial Disclosure

Section 38.1

Financial Statements

(1) Unless incorporated by reference under Item 37, include in the prospectus the comparative annual financial statements and the auditor’s report prepared in accordance with NI 81-106 for the investment fund’s most recently completed financial year.

(2) If an investment fund’s most recent financial year ended within 90 days of the date of the prospectus referred to in subsection (1), the investment fund may treat the previous year as the most recently completed financial year under subsection (1).

(3) If the investment fund has not completed its first financial year, the fund must include in the prospectus audited financial statements and the auditor’s report prepared in accordance with NI 81-106 for the period from the date of the fund’s formation to a date not more than 90 days before the date of the prospectus and as at a date not more than 90 days before the date of the prospectus, as applicable.

(4) Despite subsections (1) and (3), if the investment fund is a newly established fund, include in the prospectus the opening statement of financial position of the investment fund, accompanied by the auditor’s report prepared in accordance with NI 81-106.

Form 41-101F1 Information Required in a Prospectus

Item 35 Significant Acquisitions

Section 35.4

Financial performance consolidated in financial statements of issuer

Despite section 35.2 and subsection 35.3(1), an issuer may omit the financial statements or other information of a business required to be included in the prospectus, if at least nine months of the acquired business or related businesses financial performance have been reflected in the issuer’s most recent audited financial statements included in the prospectus.

PRO FORMA FINANCIAL INFORMATION

SEC Rules

Regulation S-X

Form and Content of and Requirements for Financial Statements

Section 11-02

Preparation requirements.

(a) Form and content.

(1) Pro forma financial information must consist of a pro forma condensed balance sheet, pro forma condensed statements of comprehensive income, and accompanying explanatory notes. In certain circumstances (i.e., where a limited number of pro forma adjustments are required and those adjustments are easily understood), a narrative description of the pro forma effects of the transaction may be disclosed in lieu of the statements described in this paragraph (a)(1).

(2) The pro forma financial information must be accompanied by an introductory paragraph which briefly sets forth a description of:

(i) Each transaction for which pro forma effect is being given;

(ii) The entities involved;

(iii) The periods for which the pro forma financial information is presented; and

(iv) An explanation of what the pro forma presentation shows.

(3) The pro forma condensed financial information need only include major captions (i.e., the numbered captions) prescribed by the applicable sections of Regulation S-X. Where any major balance sheet caption is less than 10 percent of total assets, the caption may be combined with others. When any major statement of comprehensive income caption is less than 15 percent of average net income attributable to the registrant for the most recent three fiscal years, the caption may be combined with others. In calculating average net income attributable to the registrant, loss years should be excluded unless losses were incurred in each of the most recent three years, in which case the average loss must be used for purposes of this test. Notwithstanding these tests, de minimis amounts need not be shown separately.

(4) Pro forma statements will ordinarily be in columnar form showing condensed historical statements, pro forma adjustments, and the pro forma results.

(5) The pro forma condensed statement of comprehensive income must disclose income (loss) from continuing operations and income or loss from continuing operations attributable to the controlling interest.

(6) The pro forma condensed balance sheet and pro forma condensed statements of comprehensive income must include, and be limited to, the following pro forma adjustments, except as noted in paragraph (a)(7) of this section:

(i) Transaction Accounting Adjustments.

(A) Adjustments that depict in the pro forma condensed balance sheet the accounting for the transaction required by U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (U.S. GAAP) or, as applicable, International Financial Reporting Standards as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (IFRS-IASB). Calculate pro forma adjustments using the measurement date and method prescribed by the applicable accounting standards. For a probable transaction, calculate pro forma adjustments using, and disclose, the most recent practicable date prior to the effective date (for registration statements), qualification date (for offering statements under 17 CFR 230.251 through 230.263 (Regulation A)), or the mail date (for proxy statements).

(B) Adjustments that depict in the pro forma condensed statements of comprehensive income the effects of the pro forma balance sheet adjustments in paragraph (a)(6)(i)(A) of this section assuming those adjustments were made as of the beginning of the fiscal year presented. Such adjustments must be made whether or not the pro forma balance sheet is presented pursuant to paragraph (c)(1) of this section. If the condition in Section 210.11-01(a) that is met does not have a balance sheet effect, then depict the accounting for the transaction required by U.S. GAAP or IFRS-IASB, as applicable.

(ii) Autonomous Entity Adjustments. Adjustments that depict the registrant as an autonomous entity if the condition in Section 210.11-01(a)(7) is met. Autonomous Entity Adjustments must be presented in a separate column from Transaction Accounting Adjustments.

(7) Management’s Adjustments depicting synergies and dis-synergies of the acquisitions and dispositions for which pro forma effect is being given may, in the registrant’s discretion, be presented if in its management’s opinion, such adjustments would enhance an understanding of the pro forma effects of the transaction and the following conditions are met:

(i) Basis for Management’s Adjustments.

(A) There is a reasonable basis for each such adjustment.

(B) The adjustments are limited to the effect of such synergies and dis-synergies on the historical financial statements that form the basis for the pro forma statement of comprehensive income as if the synergies and dis-synergies existed as of the beginning of the fiscal year presented. If such adjustments reduce expenses, the reduction must not exceed the amount of the related expense historically incurred during the pro forma period presented.

(C) The pro forma financial information reflects all Management’s Adjustments that are, in the opinion of management, necessary to a fair statement of the pro forma financial information presented and a statement to that effect is disclosed. When synergies are presented, any related dis-synergies must also be presented.

(ii) Form of presentation.

(A) If presented, Management’s Adjustments must be presented in the explanatory notes to the pro forma financial information in the form of reconciliations of pro forma net income from continuing operations attributable to the controlling interest and the related pro forma earnings per share data specified in paragraph (a)(9) of this section to such amounts after giving effect to Management’s Adjustments.

(B) Management’s Adjustments included or incorporated by reference into a registration statement, proxy statement, Regulation A offering statement, or Form 8-K should be as of the most recent practicable date prior to the effective date, mail date, qualification date, or filing date as applicable, which may require that they be updated if previously provided in a Form 8-K that is appropriately incorporated by reference.

C) If Management’s Adjustments will change the number of shares or potential common shares, reflect the change within Management’s Adjustments in accordance with U.S. GAAP or IFRS-IASB, as applicable, as if the common stock or potential common stock were outstanding as of the beginning of the period presented.

(D) The explanatory notes must also include disclosure of the basis for and material limitations of each Management’s Adjustment, including any material assumptions or uncertainties of such adjustment, an explanation of the method of the calculation of the adjustment, if material, and the estimated time frame for achieving the synergies and dissynergies of such adjustment. Instruction 1 to paragraph (a)(7): Any forward-looking information supplied is expressly covered by the safe harbor rules under Section 230.175 and 240.3b-6 of this chapter.

(8) All pro forma adjustments should be referenced to notes that clearly explain the assumptions involved.

(9)

(i) Historical and pro forma basic and diluted per share amounts based on continuing operations attributable to the controlling interests and the number of shares used to calculate such per share amounts must be presented on the face of the pro forma condensed statement of comprehensive income and only give effect to Transaction Accounting Adjustments and Autonomous Entity Adjustments.

(ii) The number of shares used in the calculation of the pro forma per share amounts must be based on the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the period adjusted to give effect to the number of shares issued or to be issued to consummate the transaction, or if applicable whose proceeds will be used to consummate the transaction as if the shares were outstanding as of the beginning of the period presented. Calculate the pro forma effect of potential common stock being issued in the transaction (e.g., a convertible security), or the proceeds of which will be used to consummate the transaction, on pro forma earnings per share in accordance with U.S. GAAP or IFRS-IASB, as applicable, as if the potential common stock were outstanding as of the beginning of the period presented.

(10) If the transaction is structured in such a manner that significantly different results may occur, provide additional pro forma presentations which give effect to the range of possible results.

(11) The accompanying explanatory notes must disclose:

(i) Revenues, expenses, gains and losses and related tax effects which will not recur in the income of the registrant beyond 12 months after the transaction.

(ii) For Transaction Accounting Adjustments:

(A) A table showing the total consideration transferred or received including its components and how they were measured. If total consideration includes contingent consideration, describe the arrangement(s), the basis for determining the amount of payment(s) or receipt(s), and an estimate of the range of outcomes (undiscounted) or, if a range cannot be estimated, that fact and the reasons why; and

(B) The following information when the accounting is incomplete: A prominent statement to this effect; the items for which the accounting depicted is incomplete; a description of the information that the registrant requires, including, if material, the uncertainties affecting the pro forma financial information and the possible consequences of their resolution; an indication of when the accounting is expected to be finalized; and other available information that will enable a reader to understand the magnitude of any potential adjustments to the measurements depicted.

(iii) For each Autonomous Entity Adjustment, a description of the adjustment (including the material uncertainties), the material assumptions, the calculation of the adjustment, and additional qualitative information about the Autonomous Entity Adjustments, if any, necessary to give a fair and balanced presentation of the pro forma financial information.

(12) A registrant must not:

(i) Present pro forma financial information on the face of the registrant’s historical financial statements or in the accompanying notes, except where such presentation is required by U.S. GAAP or IFRS-IASB, as applicable.

(ii) Present pro forma financial information, or summaries of such information, elsewhere in a filing that excludes material transactions for which pro forma effect is required to be given.

(iii) Present the pro forma amounts in paragraph (a)(7) of this section elsewhere in a filing without also presenting with equal or greater prominence the amounts specified in paragraph (a)(7) of this section to which they are required to be reconciled and a cross-reference to that reconciliation.

(iv) Give pro forma effect to the registrant’s adoption of an accounting standard in pro forma financial information required by Section 210.11-01 through 210.11-03.

(b) Implementation guidance –

(1) Historical statement of comprehensive income. The historical statement of comprehensive income used in the pro forma financial information must only be presented through income from continuing operations (or the appropriate modification thereof).

(2) Business acquisitions. In some transactions, such as in financial institution acquisitions, measuring the acquired assets at their acquisition date fair value may result in significant discounts relative to the acquired business’s historical cost of the acquired assets. When such discounts can result in a significant effect on earnings (losses) in periods immediately subsequent to the acquisition that will be progressively eliminated over a relatively short period, the effect of the discounts on reported results of operations for each of the next five years must be disclosed in a note.

(3) Business dispositions. Transaction Accounting Adjustments giving effect to the disposition of a business must not decrease historically incurred compensation expense for employees who were not, or will not be, transferred or terminated as of the disposition date.

(4) Multiple transactions.

(i) When consummation of more than one transaction has occurred, or is probable, the pro forma financial information must present in separate columns each transaction for which pro forma presentation is required by Section 210.11-01.

(ii) If the pro forma financial information is presented in a proxy or information statement for purposes of obtaining shareholder approval of one of the transactions, the effects of that transaction must be clearly set forth.

(5) Tax effects.

(i) Tax effects, if any, of pro forma adjustments normally should be calculated at the statutory rate in effect during the periods for which pro forma condensed statements of comprehensive income are presented and should be reflected as a separate pro forma adjustment.

(ii) When the registrant’s historical statements of comprehensive income do not reflect the tax provision on the separate return basis, pro forma statements of comprehensive income adjustments must reflect a tax provision calculated on the separate return basis.

(1) A pro forma condensed balance sheet as of the end of the most recent period for which a consolidated balance sheet of the registrant is required by Section 210.3-01 must be filed unless the transaction is already reflected in such balance sheet.

(2)

(i) Pro forma condensed statements of comprehensive income must be filed for only the most recent fiscal year, except as noted in paragraph (c)(2)(ii) of this section, and for the period from the most recent fiscal year end to the most recent interim date for which a balance sheet is required. A pro forma condensed statement of comprehensive income may be filed for the corresponding interim period of the preceding fiscal year. A pro forma condensed statement of comprehensive income must not be filed when the historical statement of comprehensive income reflects the transaction for the entire period.

(ii) For transactions required to be accounted for under U.S. GAAP or, as applicable, IFRS-IASB by retrospectively revising the historical statements of comprehensive income (e.g., combination of entities under common control and discontinued operations), pro forma statements of comprehensive income must be filed for all periods for which historical financial statements of the registrant are required. Retrospective revisions stemming from the registrant’s adoption of a new accounting principle must not be reflected in pro forma statements of comprehensive income until they are depicted in the registrant’s historical financial statements.

(3) Pro forma condensed statements of comprehensive income must be presented using the registrant’s fiscal year end. If the most recent fiscal year end of any other entity involved in the transaction differs from the registrant’s most recent fiscal year end by more than one fiscal quarter, the other entity’s statement of comprehensive income must be brought up to within one fiscal quarter of the registrant’s most recent fiscal year end, if practicable. This updating could be accomplished by adding subsequent interim period results to the most recent fiscal year end information and deducting the comparable preceding year interim period results. Disclosure must be made of the periods combined and of the sales or revenues and income for any periods which were excluded from or included more than once in the condensed pro forma statement of comprehensive income (e.g., an interim period that is included both as part of the fiscal year and the subsequent interim period).

Instruction 1 to paragraph (c)(3): In circumstances where different fiscal year ends exist, Section 210.3-12 may require a registrant to include in the pro forma financial information an acquired or to be acquired foreign business historical period that would be more current than the periods included in the required historical financial statements of the foreign business.

(4) Whenever unusual events enter into the determination of the results shown for the most recently completed fiscal year, the effect of such unusual events should be disclosed and consideration should be given to presenting a pro forma condensed statement of comprehensive income for the most recent twelve-month period in addition to those required in paragraph (c)(2)(i) of this section if the most recent twelve-month period is more representative of normal operations.

SEC Rules

Regulation S-X

Form and Content of and Requirements for Financial Statements

PRO FORMA FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Section 11-03

Presentation of financial forecast.

(a) A financial forecast may be filed in lieu of the pro forma condensed statements of comprehensive income required by Section 210.11-02(a)(1).

(1) The financial forecast shall cover a period of at least 12 months from the latest of (i) the most recent balance sheet included in the filing or (ii) the consummation date or estimated consummation date of the transaction.

(2) The forecasted statement of comprehensive income shall be presented in the same degree of detail as the pro forma condensed statement of comprehensive income required by Section 210.11-02(a)(3).

(3) Assumptions particularly relevant to the transaction and effects thereof should be clearly set forth.

(4) Historical condensed financial information of the registrant and the business acquired or to be acquired, if any, shall be presented for at least a recent 12 month period in parallel columns with the financial forecast.

(b) Such financial forecast shall be presented in accordance with the guidelines established by the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants.

(d) This section does not permit the filing of a financial forecast in lieu of pro forma information required by U.S. GAAP or IFRS-IASB.

SEC Rules

Regulation S-X

Form and Content of and Requirements for Financial Statements

GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS AS TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Section 3-06

Financial statements covering a period of nine to twelve months.

(a) Except with respect to registered investment companies, the filing of financial statements covering a period of 9 to 12 months will be deemed to satisfy a requirement for filing financial statements for a period of 1 year where:

(1) The issuer has changed its fiscal year;

(2) The issuer has made a significant business acquisition for which financial statements are required under Section 210.3-05, Section 210.3-14, Section 210.8-04, or Section 210.8-06 and the financial statements covering the interim period pertain to the business being acquired; or

(3) The Commission so permits pursuant to Section 210.3-13 or Section 210.8-01(e).

(b) Where there is a requirement for filing financial statements for a time period exceeding one year but not exceeding three consecutive years (with not more than 12 months included in any period reported upon), the filing of financial statements covering a period of 9 to 12 months will satisfy a filing requirement of financial statements for one year of that time period only if the conditions described in paragraph (a)(1), (2), or (3) of this section exist and financial statements are filed that cover the full fiscal year or years for all other years in the time period.

Companion Policy to National Instrument 41-101 General Prospectus Requirements

Part 5 Content of Long Form Prospectus (Financial Statements)

Section 5.5

Sufficiency of financial history included in a long form prospectus

Lexata note: changes to this section effective April 14, 2022 are shown in green (additions) and redline ~~(deletions)~~.

(1) Item 32 of Form 41-101F1 prescribes the issuer financial statements that must be included in a long form prospectus. We recognize that an issuer, at the time of filing a long form prospectus, may have been in existence for less than one year. We expect that in many situations the limited historical financial statement information that is available for such an issuer may be adequately supplemented by other relevant information disclosed in the long form prospectus. However, if the issuer cannot provide financial statements for a period of at least 12 months and the long form prospectus does not otherwise contain information concerning the business conducted or to be conducted by the issuer that is sufficient to enable an investor to make an informed investment decision, a securities regulatory authority or regulator may consider this a key factor when deciding whether it should refuse to issue a receipt for the long form prospectus.

(2) A reference to a prospectus includes a preliminary prospectus. Consequently, the time references in sections 32.2, 32.3, 35.5 and 35.6 of Form 41-101F1 should be considered as at the date of the preliminary long form prospectus and again at the date of the final long form prospectus for both the issuer and any business acquired or to be acquired. Depending on the period of time between the dates of the preliminary and final long form prospectuses, an issuer may have to include more recent financial statements.

(3) An issuer is subject to certain additional disclosure requirements when it discloses an interim financial report for a period in the year of adopting IFRS, as set out in subparagraph 32.3(2)(e) and subsection 32.3(4) of Form 41-101F1. These requirements only apply to interim financial reports relating to periods in the year of adopting IFRS and therefore do not apply if the prospectus includes annual financial statements prepared in accordance with IFRS. An issuer is required to provide an opening IFRS statement of financial position at the date of transition to IFRS. An issuer with, for example, a year-end of December 31, 2010 that files a prospectus for which it must include its first interim financial report in the year of adopting IFRS for the period ended March 31, 2011, must generally provide an opening IFRS statement of financial position at January 1, 2010.

An issuer must also include various reconciliations required by IFRS 1 to explain how the transition from previous GAAP to IFRS has affected its reported financial position, financial performance and cash flows. In the first interim period IFRS 1 requires certain additional reconciliations which relate to annual periods and the date of transition to IFRS. Where an issuer that was not a reporting issuer in at least one jurisdiction immediately before filing the prospectus includes an interim financial report in respect of the second or third interim period in the year of adopting IFRS, subsection 32.3(4) of Form 41-101F1 requires these additional reconciliations to be included in the prospectus. Alternatively, pursuant to subsection 32.3(4) of Form 41-101F1, the issuer may include the first interim financial report in the year of adopting IFRS as this report includes the required reconciliations.

~~These additional reconciliations may be summarized as follows:~~

reconciliations of the issuer’s equity presented in accordance with previous GAAP to its equity in accordance with IFRS for the date of transition to IFRS (January 1, 2010 in the above-noted example);
reconciliations of the issuer’s equity presented in accordance with previous GAAP to its equity in accordance with IFRS for the end of the latest period presented in the issuer’s most recent annual financial statements in accordance with previous GAAP (December 31, 2010 in the above-noted example); and
a reconciliation of the issuer’s total comprehensive income (or total profit or loss) presented in accordance with previous GAAP to its total comprehensive income in accordance with IFRS for the latest period in the issuer’s most recent annual financial statements presented in the prospectus in accordance with previous GAAP (year ended December 31, 2010 in the above-noted example).The reconciliations summarized above must give sufficient detail to enable investors to understand the material adjustments to the statement of financial position, statement of comprehensive income and statement of cash flows.

Form 41-101F1 Information Required in a Prospectus

Item 32 Financial Statement Disclosure for Issuers

Section 32.1

Interpretation of “issuer”

(1) Subject to subsection (2), the financial statements of an issuer required under this Item to be included in a prospectus must include

(a) the financial statements of any predecessor entity that formed, or will form, the basis of the business of the issuer, even though the predecessor entity is, or may have been, a different legal entity, if the issuer has not existed for three years,

(b) the financial statements of a business or businesses acquired by the issuer within three years before the date of the prospectus or proposed to be acquired, if a reasonable investor reading the prospectus would regard the primary business of the issuer to be the business or businesses acquired, or proposed to be acquired,by the issuer, and

(c) the restated combined financial statements of the issuer and any other entity with which the issuer completed a transaction within three years before the date of the prospectus or proposes to complete a transaction, if the issuer accounted for or will account for the transaction as a combination in which all of the combining entities or businesses ultimately are controlled by the same party or parties both before and after the combination, and that control is not temporary.

(2) An issuer is not required to include the financial statements for an acquisition to which paragraph (1)(a) or (b) applies if

(a) the issuer was a reporting issuer in any jurisdiction of Canada

(i) on the date of the acquisition, in the case of a completed acquisition; or

(ii) immediately before the filing of the prospectus, in the case of a proposed acquisition;

(b) the issuer’s principal asset before the acquisition is not cash, cash equivalents, or its exchange listing; and

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS OF SMALLER REPORTING COMPANIES

SEC Rules

Regulation S-X

Form and Content of and Requirements for Financial Statements

Section 8-08

Age of financial statements.

At the date of filing, financial statements included in filings other than filings on Form 10-K must be not less current than the financial statements that would be required in Forms 10-K and 10-Q if such reports were required to be filed. If required financial statements are as of a date 135 days or more before the date a registration statement becomes effective or proxy material is expected to be mailed, the financial statements shall be updated to include financial statements for an interim period ending within 135 days of the effective or expected mailing date. Interim financial statements must be prepared and presented in accordance with paragraph (b) of this section.

(a) When the anticipated effective or mailing date falls within 45 days after the end of the fiscal year, the filing may include financial statements only as current as of the end of the third fiscal quarter; Provided, however, that if the audited financial statements for the recently completed fiscal year are available or become available before effectiveness or mailing, they must be included in the filing; and

(b) If the effective date or anticipated mailing date falls after 45 days but within 90 days of the end of the smaller reporting company’s fiscal year, the smaller reporting company is not required to provide the audited financial statements for such year end provided that the following conditions are met:

(1) If the smaller reporting company is a reporting company, all reports due must have been filed;

(2) For the most recent fiscal year for which audited financial statements are not yet available, the smaller reporting company reasonably and in good faith expects to report income from continuing operations attributable to the registrant before taxes; and

(3) For at least one of the two fiscal years immediately preceding the most recent fiscal year the smaller reporting company reported income from continuing operations attributable to the registrant before taxes.

SEC Rules

Regulation S-X

Form and Content of and Requirements for Financial Statements

GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS AS TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Section 3-12

Age of financial statements at effective date of registration statement or at mailing date of proxy statement.

(a) If the financial statements in a filing are as of a date the number of days specified in paragraph (g) of this section or more before the date the filing is expected to become effective, or proposed mailing date in the case of a proxy statement, the financial statements shall be updated, except as specified in the following paragraphs, with a balance sheet as of an interim date within the number of days specified in paragraph (g) of this section and with statements of comprehensive income and cash flows for the interim period between the end of the most recent fiscal year and the date of the interim balance sheet provided and for the corresponding period of the preceding fiscal year. Such interim financial statements may be unaudited and need not be presented in greater detail than is required by Section 210.10-01. Notwithstanding the above requirements, the most recent interim financial statements shall be at least as current as the most recent financial statements filed with the Commission on Form 10-Q.

(b) Where the anticipated effective date of a filing, or in the case of a proxy statement the proposed mailing date, falls within the number of days subsequent to the end of the fiscal year specified in paragraph (g) of this section, the filing need not include financial statements more current than as of the end of the third fiscal quarter of the most recently completed fiscal year unless the audited financial statements for such fiscal year are available or unless the anticipated effective date or proposed mailing date falls after 45 days subsequent to the end of the fiscal year and the registrant does not meet the conditions prescribed under paragraph (c) of Section 210.3-01. If the anticipated effective date or proposed mailing date falls after 45 days subsequent to the end of the fiscal year and the registrant does not meet the conditions prescribed under paragraph (c) of Section 210.3-01, the filing must include audited financial statements for the most recently completed fiscal year.

(c) Where a filing is made near the end of a fiscal year and audited financial statements for that fiscal year are not included in the filing, the filing shall be updated with such audited financial statements if they become available prior to the anticipated effective date, or proposed mailing date in the case of a proxy statement.

(d) The age of the registrant’s most recent audited financial statements included in a registration statement filed under the Securities Act of 1933 or filed on Form 10 (17 CFR 249.210) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 shall not be more than one year and 45 days old at the date the registration statement becomes effective if the registration statement relates to the security of an issuer that was not subject, immediately before the time of filing the registration statement, to the reporting requirements of section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.

(e) For filings by registered management investment companies, the requirements of Section 210.3-18 shall apply in lieu of the requirements of this section.

(f) Any foreign private issuer may file financial statements whose age is specified in Item 8.A of Form 20-F ( Section 249.220f of this chapter). Financial statements of a foreign business which are furnished pursuant to Section 210.3-05 or Section 210.3-09 because it is an acquired business or a 50 percent or less owned person may be of the age specified in Item 8.A of Form 20-F.

(g)

(1) For purposes of paragraph (a) of this section, the number of days shall be:

(i) 130 days for large accelerated filers and accelerated filers (as defined in Section 240.12b-2 of this chapter); and

(ii) 135 days for all other registrants.

(2) For purposes of paragraph (b) of this section, the number of days shall be:

(i) 60 days (75 days for fiscal years ending before December 15, 2006) for large accelerated filers (as defined in Section 240.12b-2 of this chapter);

(ii) 75 days for accelerated filers (as defined in Section 240.12b-2 of this chapter); and

(iii) 90 days for all other registrants.

Form 41-101F1 Information Required in a Prospectus

Item 35 Significant Acquisitions

Section 35.7

Pro forma financial statements for multiple acquisitions

Despite sections 35.2, 35.3, 35.5 and 35.6, an issuer is not required to include in its prospectus the pro forma financial statements otherwise required for each acquisition, if the issuer includes in its prospectus one set of pro forma financial statements that

(a) reflects the results of each acquisition since the beginning of the issuer’s most recently completed financial year for which financial statements of the issuer are included in the prospectus,

(i) if no disclosure is otherwise required for a probable acquisition under section 35.6, the section in this Item that applies to the most recently completed acquisition, or

(ii) section 35.6.

Form 41-101F1 Information Required in a Prospectus

Item 32 Financial Statement Disclosure for Issuers

Section 32.7

Pro forma financial statements for an acquisition

(1) An issuer must include in the prospectus the pro forma financial information set out in subsection (2) if

(a) the issuer has completed or proposes an acquisition of a business for which financial statement disclosure is required under section 32.1;

(b) less than nine months of the acquired business operations have been reflected in the issuer’s most recent audited financial statements included in the prospectus; and

(c) the inclusion of the pro forma financial statements is necessary for the prospectus to contain full, true and plain disclosure of all material facts relating to the securities to be distributed.

(2) For the purposes of subsection (1), include the following:

(a) a pro forma statement of financial position of the issuer, as at the date of the issuer’s most recent statement of financial position included in the prospectus, that gives effect, as if it had taken place as at the date of the pro forma statement of financial position, to the acquisition that has been completed, or is expected to be completed, but is not reflected in the issuer’s most recent statement of financial position for an annual or interim period;

(b) a pro forma income statement of the issuer that gives effect to the acquisition completed, or expected to be completed, since the beginning of the issuer’s most recently completed financial year for which it has included financial statements in its prospectus, as if it had taken place at the beginning of that financial year, for each of the following periods:

(i) the most recently completed financial year for which the issuer has included financial statements in its prospectus; and

(ii) the interim period for which the issuer has included an interim financial report in its prospectus, that started after the financial year referred to in subparagraph (i) and ended

(A) in the case of a completed acquisition, immediately before the acquisition date or, in the issuer’s discretion, after the acquisition date;

(B) in the case of a proposed acquisition, immediately before the date of the filing of the prospectus, as if the acquisition had been completed before the filing of the prospectus and the acquisition date were the date of the prospectus; and

(3) If an issuer is required to include pro forma financial statements in its prospectus under subsection (1),

(a) in the case where the pro forma financial statements give effect to more than one acquisition, the issuer must identify in the pro forma financial statements each acquisition,

(b) the issuer must include in the pro forma financial statements

(i) adjustments attributable to the acquisition for which there are firm commitments and for which the complete financial effects are objectively determinable;

(ii) adjustments to conform amounts for the business to the issuer’s accounting policies; and

(iii) a description of the underlying assumptions on which the pro forma financial statements are prepared, cross-referenced to each related pro forma adjustment;

(c) in the case where the financial year-end of the business differs from the issuer’s year-end by more than 93 days, for the purpose of preparing the pro forma income statement of the issuer’s most recently completed financial year, the issuer must construct an income statement of the business for a period of 12 consecutive months ending no more than 93 days before or after the issuer’s year-end, by adding the results for a subsequent interim period to a completed financial year of the business and deducting the comparable interim results for the immediately preceding year;

(d) in the case where a constructed income statement is required under paragraph (c), the pro forma financial statements must disclose the period covered by the constructed income statement on the face of the pro forma financial statements and must include a note stating that the financial statements of the business used to prepare the pro forma financial statements were prepared for the purpose of the pro forma financial statements and do not conform with the financial statements for the business included elsewhere in the prospectus;

(e) in the case where an issuer is required to prepare a pro forma income statement for an interim period required by paragraph (2)(b), and the pro forma income statement for the most recently completed financial year includes results of the business which are also included in the pro forma income statement for the interim period, the issuer must disclose in a note to the pro forma financial statements the revenue, expenses, and profit or loss from continuing operations included in each pro forma income statement for the overlapping period; and

(f) a constructed period referred to in paragraph (c) does not have to be audited.

Form 41-101F1 Information Required in a Prospectus

Item 35 Significant Acquisitions

Section 35.8

Additional financial statements or financial information of business filed or released

(1) An issuer must include in its prospectus annual financial statements and an interim financial report of a business or related businesses for a financial period that ended before the acquisition date and is more recent than the periods for which financial statements are required under section 35.5 or 35.6 if, before the prospectus is filed, the financial statements of the business for the more recent period have been filed.

(2) If, before the prospectus is filed, historical financial information of a business or related businesses for a period more recent than the period for which financial statements are required under section 35.5 or 35.6, is publicly disseminated by news release or otherwise by or on behalf of the issuer, the issuer shall include in the prospectus the content of the news release or public communication.

Companion Policy 51-102CP Continuous Disclosure Obligations

Part 8 Business Acquisition Reports

Section 8.7.1

Financial Year End Changed

If the transition year of the acquired business is less than 9 months, the issuer may be required to include financial statements for the transition year of the acquired business in addition to financial statements for the two financial years required by subsection 8.4(1) of the Instrument. The transition year may or may not be audited, but at minimum, the most recently completed financial year must be audited in accordance with subsection 8.4(2).

National Instrument 52-107 Acceptable Accounting Principles and Auditing Standards

Part 5 Exemptions

Section 5.3

Financial Years ending between December 21 and 31, 2010

Despite subsections 3.1(2) and 4.1(2), Part 3 may be applied by an issuer or registrant to all financial statements, financial information, operating statements and pro forma financial statements for periods relating to a financial year that begins before January 1, 2011 if the immediately preceding financial year ends no earlier than December 21, 2010.

SEC Rules

Regulation S-K

Projections

Item 10(b)

Commission Policy on Projections

The Commission encourages the use in documents specified in Rule 175 under the Securities Act (Section 230.175 of this chapter) and Rule 3b-6 under the Exchange Act (Section 240.3b-6 of this chapter) of management’s projections of future economic performance that have a reasonable basis and are presented in an appropriate format. The guidelines set forth herein represent the Commission’s views on important factors to be considered in formulating and disclosing such projections.

(1) Basis for projections. The Commission believes that management must have the option to present in Commission filings its good faith assessment of a registrant’s future performance. Management, however, must have a reasonable basis for such an assessment. Although a history of operations or experience in projecting may be among the factors providing a basis for management’s assessment, the Commission does not believe that a registrant always must have had such a history or experience in order to formulate projections with a reasonable basis. An outside review of management’s projections may furnish additional support for having a reasonable basis for a projection. If management decides to include a report of such a review in a Commission filing, there also should be disclosure of the qualifications of the reviewer, the extent of the review, the relationship between the reviewer and the registrant, and other material factors concerning the process by which any outside review was sought or obtained. Moreover, in the case of a registration statement under the Securities Act, the reviewer would be deemed an expert and an appropriate consent must be filed with the registration statement.

(2) Format for projections. In determining the appropriate format for projections included in Commission filings, consideration must be given to, among other things, the financial items to be projected, the period to be covered, and the manner of presentation to be used. Although traditionally projections have been given for three financial items generally considered to be of primary importance to investors (revenues, net income (loss) and earnings (loss) per share), projection information need not necessarily be limited to these three items. However, management should take care to assure that the choice of items projected is not susceptible of misleading inferences through selective projection of only favorable items. Revenues, net income (loss) and earnings (loss) per share usually are presented together in order to avoid any misleading inferences that may arise when the individual items reflect contradictory trends. There may be instances, however, when it is appropriate to present earnings (loss) from continuing operations in addition to or in lieu of net income (loss). It generally would be misleading to present sales or revenue projections without one of the foregoing measures of income. The period that appropriately may be covered by a projection depends to a large extent on the particular circumstances of the company involved. For certain companies in certain industries, a projection covering a two or three year period may be entirely reasonable. Other companies may not have a reasonable basis for projections beyond the current year. Accordingly, management should select the period most appropriate in the circumstances. In addition, management, in making a projection, should disclose what, in its opinion, is the most probable specific amount or the most reasonable range for each financial item projected based on the selected assumptions. Ranges, however, should not be so wide as to make the disclosures meaningless. Moreover, several projections based on varying assumptions may be judged by management to be more meaningful than a single number or range and would be permitted.

Companion Policy to National Instrument 44-101 Short Form Prospectus Distributions

Part 4 Content of Short Form Prospectus

Section 4.10

Updated pro forma financial statements to date of prospectus

In addition to the pro forma financial statements for completed acquisitions that are required to be included in a business acquisition report incorporated by reference into a prospectus under Item 11 of Form 44-101F1, an issuer may include a set of pro forma financial statement prepared as at the date of the prospectus.

Form 41-101F1 Information Required in a Prospectus

Item 8 Management's Discussion and Analysis

Item 8.2

MD&A

(1) Provide MD&A for

(a) the most recent annual financial statements of the issuer included in the prospectus under Part 32, and

(b) the most recent interim financial report of the issuer included in the prospectus under Part 32.

(2) If the prospectus includes the issuer’s annual statements of comprehensive income, statements of changes in equity, and statements of cash flow for three financial years under Part 32, provide MD&A for the second most recent annual financial statements of the issuer included in the prospectus under Part 32.

(3) Despite subsection (2), MD&A for the second most recent annual financial statements of the issuer included in the prospectus under Part 32 may omit disclosure regarding statement of financial position Parts.

GUIDANCE

Under section 2.2.1 of Form 51-102F1, for financial years beginning on or after July 1, 2015, venture issuers, or IPO venture issuers, have the option of meeting the requirement to provide interim MD&A under section 2.2 of Form 51-102F1 by providing quarterly highlights disclosure.

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS OF SMALLER REPORTING COMPANIES

SEC Rules

Regulation S-X

Form and Content of and Requirements for Financial Statements

Section 8-02

Annual financial statements.

Smaller reporting companies shall file an audited balance sheet as of the end of each of the most recent two fiscal years, or as of a date within 135 days if the issuer has existed for a period of less than one fiscal year, and audited statements of comprehensive income, cash flows and changes in stockholders’ equity for each of the two fiscal years preceding the date of the most recent audited balance sheet (or such shorter period as the registrant has been in business).

Companion Policy to National Instrument 41-101 General Prospectus Requirements

Part 5 Content of Long Form Prospectus (Financial Statements)

Section 5.10

Financial statements for acquisitions of a predecessor entity, a business or businesses acquired by reporting and non-reporting issuers

(1) The financial statements for acquisitions of a predecessor entity, a business or businesses acquired by the issuer, or other entity must be included in the prospectus under Item 32 of Form 41-101F1, if the entities or businesses satisfy the conditions of paragraph 32.1(1)(a), (b), or (c) unless, as contemplated in subsection 32.1(2) with respect to paragraph 32.1(1)(a) or (b)

(a) the issuer was a reporting issuer in any jurisdiction of Canada on the acquisition date in the case of a completed acquisition or immediately prior to the prospectus filing in the case of a proposed acquisition,

(b) the issuer did not have only cash, cash equivalents or an exchange listing as its principal asset, and

(c) the issuer provides disclosure under Item 35 of Form 41-101F1. The disclosure requirements applicable to a reporting issuer in Item 35 are intended to reflect the requirements that would be prescribed for such acquisitions in the reporting issuer’s business acquisition report.

(2) An issuer that is subject to Item 32 must also consider the necessity of including pro forma financial statements pursuant to section 32.7 of Form 41-101F1 to illustrate the impact of the acquisition on the issuer’s financial position and results of operations. However, these pro forma financial statements are only required if their inclusion is necessary for the prospectus to contain full, true and plain disclosure of all material facts relating to the securities being distributed. Examples of when pro forma financial statements would likely be necessary are in cases where:

(a) the issuer has acquired multiple businesses over the relevant period; or

(b) the issuer has an active business and has acquired another business that will constitute its primary business going forward.

In certain circumstances, an issuer may need to disclose multiple acquisitions in its prospectus where the acquisitions include an acquisition of a primary business or predecessor entity to which section 32.1 of Form 41-101F1 applies and a significant acquisition to which only item 35 of Form 41-101F1 applies. In this case, the issuer may wish to present one set of pro forma financial statements reflecting the results of all of the acquisitions, as contemplated separately in each of sections 32.8 and 35.7 of Form 41-101F1. The securities regulatory authority or regulator would not generally object to providing this relief. However the issuer must request the relief when filing its preliminary prospectus.

Companion Policy to National Instrument 41-101 General Prospectus Requirements

Part 5 Content of Long Form Prospectus (Financial Statements)

Section 5.8

Audit and review of financial statements included or incorporated by reference into a long form prospectus

(1) Part 4 of the Instrument requires that all financial statements included in a long form prospectus be audited, except financial statements specifically exempted in the Instrument. This requirement extends to financial statements of subsidiaries and other entities even if the financial statements are not required to be included in the long form prospectus but have been included at the discretion of the issuer.

(2) NI 52-107 requires that financial statements, other than acquisition statements, that are required to be audited by securities legislation, such as this Instrument, be accompanied by an auditor’s report that expresses an unmodified opinion if they were audited in accordance with Canadian GAAS or International Standards on Auditing, or contain an unqualified opinion if they were audited in accordance with U.S. PCAOB GAAS. This requirement applies to all financial statements included in the long form prospectus under Item 32 of Form 41-101F1, including financial statements from entities acquired or to be acquired that are the primary business or the predecessor of the issuer. For greater clarity, subsections 3.12(3) and 4.12(6) of NI 52-107 only apply to financial statements included in the long form prospectus pursuant to Item 35 of Form 41-101F1. Relief may be granted to non-reporting issuers in appropriate circumstances to permit the auditor’s report on financial statements to contain a qualified opinion relating to opening inventory if there is a subsequent audited period of at least six months on which the auditor’s report expresses an unmodified opinion and the business is not seasonal. Issuers requesting this relief should be aware that NI 51-102 requires that an issuer’s comparative financial statements be accompanied by an auditors’ report that expresses an unmodified opinion.

Form 41-101F1 Information Required in a Prospectus

Item 32 Financial Statement Disclosure for Issuers

Section 32.6

Additional financial statements or financial information filed or released

(1) If the issuer files financial statements for a more recent period than required under section 32.2 or 32.3 before the prospectus is filed, the issuer must include in the prospectus those more recent financial statements.

(2) If historical financial information about the issuer is publicly disseminated by, or on behalf of, the issuer through news release or otherwise for a more recent period than required under section 32.2, the issuer must include the content of the news release or public communication in the prospectus.

Form 41-101F1 Information Required in a Prospectus

Item 8 Management's Discussion and Analysis

Item 8.5

More Recent Financial Information

If the issuer is required to include more recent historical financial information in the prospectus under subsection 32.6(2), the issuer is not required to update the MD&A already included in the prospectus under this Part.

National Instrument 44-101 Short Form Prospectus Distributions

Part 1 Definitions and Interpretations

Section 1.1 Definitions

current annual financial statements

In this Instrument

“current annual financial statements” means,

(a) if the issuer has filed its comparative annual financial statements in accordance with the applicable CD rule for its most recently completed financial year, those financial statements together with the auditor’s report accompanying the financial statements and, if there has been a change of auditors since the comparative period, an auditor’s report on the financial statements for the comparative period, or

(b) the issuer’s comparative annual financial statements filed for the financial year immediately preceding its most recently completed financial year, together with the auditor’s report accompanying the financial statements and, if there has been a change of auditors since the comparative period, an auditor’s report on the financial statements for the comparative period if

(i) the issuer has not filed its comparative annual financial statements for its most recently completed financial year, and

(ii) the issuer is not yet required under the applicable CD rule to have filed its annual financial statements for its most recently completed financial year;

Form 41-101F1 Information Required in a Prospectus

Item 32 Financial Statement Disclosure for Issuers

Section 32.3

Interim financial report

(1) Include a comparative interim financial report of the issuer for the most recent interim period, if any, ended

(a) subsequent to the most recent financial year in respect of which annual financial statements of the issuer are included in the prospectus, and

(b) more than

(i) 45 days before the date of the prospectus, or

(ii) 60 days before the date of the prospectus if the issuer is a venture issuer.

(2) The interim financial report referred to in subsection (1) must include

(a) a statement of financial position as at the end of the interim period and a statement of financial position as at the end of the immediately preceding financial year, if any,

(b) a statement of comprehensive income, a statement of changes in equity, and a statement of cash flows, all for the year-to-date interim period, and comparative financial information for the corresponding interim period in the immediately preceding financial year, if any,

(c) for interim periods other than the first interim period in an issuer’s financial year, a statement of comprehensive income for the three month period ending on the last day of the interim period and comparative financial information for the corresponding period in the immediately preceding financial year, if any,

(d) a statement of financial position as at the beginning of the earliest comparative period for which financial statements that are included in the prospectus comply with IFRS in the case of an issuer that

(i) discloses in its interim financial report an unreserved statement of compliance with International Accounting Standard 34 Interim Financial Reporting, and

(ii) does any of the following

(A) applies an accounting policy retrospectively in its interim financial report,

(B) makes a retrospective restatement of items in its interim financial report, or

(e) in the case of the first interim financial report required to be filed in the year of adopting IFRS, the opening IFRS statement of financial position at the date of transition to IFRS, and

(f) notes to the interim financial report.

(3) If an issuer presents the components of profit or loss in a separate income statement, the separate income statement must be displayed immediately before the statement of comprehensive income filed under subsection (2).

(4) If the issuer is required to include under subsection 32.3(1), a comparative interim financial report of the issuer for the second or third interim period in the year of adopting IFRS, include

(a) the issuer’s first interim financial report in the year of adopting IFRS, or

(b) both

(i) the opening IFRS statement of financial position at the date of transition to IFRS, and

(ii) the annual and date of transition to IFRS reconciliations required by IFRS 1 First-time Adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards to explain how the transition from previous GAAP to IFRS affected the issuer’s reported financial position, financial performance and cash flows.

(5) Subsection (4) does not apply to an issuer that was a reporting issuer in at least one jurisdiction immediately before filing the prospectus.

Form 41-101F2 Information Required in an Investment Fund Prospectus

Item 38 Financial Disclosure

Section 38.2

Interim Financial Reports

Unless incorporated by reference under Item 37, include in the prospectus financial statements for the investment fund prepared in accordance with NI 81-106 for the interim period that began immediately after the financial year to which the annual financial statements required to be included in the prospectus under section 38.1 relate, if the prospectus is filed 60 days or more after the end of that interim period.

National Instrument 51-102 Continuous Disclosure Obligations

Part 8 Business Acquisition Report

Section 8.8

Exemption for Significant Acquisitions if Financial Year End Changed

If under section 8.4 a reporting issuer is required to provide financial statements for a business acquired and the business changed its financial year end during either of the financial years required to be included, the reporting issuer may include financial statements for the transition year in satisfaction of the financial statements for one of the years, provided that the transition year is at least nine months.

National Instrument 41-101 General Prospectus Requirements

Part 4 Financial Statements and Related Documents in a Long Form Prospectus

Section 4.3

Review of unaudited financial statements

(1) Subject to subsection (2) and (3), any unaudited financial statements included in, or incorporated by reference into, a long form prospectus must have been reviewed in accordance with the relevant standards set out in the Handbook for a review of financial statements by the person or company’s auditor or a review of financial statements by a public accountant.

(2) Subsection (1) does not apply to an investment fund’s unaudited financial statements filed after the date of filing of the prospectus that are incorporated by reference into the prospectus under Part 15.

(3) If NI 52-107 permits the financial statements of the person or company in subsection (1) to be audited in accordance with

(a) U.S. AICPA GAAS, the unaudited financial statements may be reviewed in accordance with the review standards issued by the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants,

(a.1) U.S. PCAOB GAAS, the unaudited financial statements may be reviewed in accordance with the review standards issued by the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States of America),

(b) International Standards on Auditing, the unaudited financial statements may be reviewed in accordance with International Standards on Review Engagement issued by the International Auditing and Assurance Standards Board, or

(c) auditing standards that meet the foreign disclosure requirements of the designated foreign jurisdiction to which the person or company is subject, the unaudited financial statements

(i) may be reviewed in accordance with review standards that meet the foreign disclosure requirements of the designated foreign jurisdiction, or

(ii) do not have to be reviewed if

(A) the designated foreign jurisdiction does not have review standards for unaudited financial statements, and

(B) the long form prospectus includes disclosure that the unaudited financial statements have not been reviewed.

SEC Rules

Regulation S-X

Form and Content of and Requirements for Financial Statements

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS OF SMALLER REPORTING COMPANIES

Section 8-05

Pro forma financial information.

(a) Pro forma financial information must be disclosed when any of the conditions in Section 210.11-01 exist.

(b) The preparation, presentation, and disclosure of pro forma financial information must comply with Section 210.11-01 through 210.11-03 (Article 11), except that the pro forma financial information may be condensed pursuant to Section 210.8-03(a).

Canada Business Corporations Act

Part XIV Financial Disclosure

Section 155

Annual Financial Statements

(1) The directors of a corporation shall place before the shareholders at every annual meeting

(a) prescribed comparative financial statements that conform to any prescribed requirements and relate separately to

(i) the period that began on the date the corporation came into existence and ended not more than six months before the annual meeting or, if the corporation has completed a financial year, the period that began immediately after the end of the last completed financial year and ended not more than six months before the annual meeting, and

(ii) the immediately preceding financial year;

(b) the report of the auditor, if any; and

(c) any further information respecting the financial position of the corporation and the results of its operations required by the articles, the by-laws or any unanimous shareholder agreement. Exception

(2) Notwithstanding paragraph (1)(a), the financial statements referred to in subparagraph (1)(a)(ii) may be omitted if the reason for the omission is set out in the financial statements, or in a note thereto, to be placed before the shareholders at an annual meeting.

Form 41-101F1 Information Required in a Prospectus

Item 34 Exemptions for Certain Issues of Guaranteed Securities

Item 34.1(2)

Definitions and Interpretation

(2) For the purposes of this Part, consolidating summary financial information must be prepared on the following basis

(a) an entity’s annual or interim summary financial information must be derived from the entity’s financial information underlying the corresponding consolidated financial statements of the parent entity included in the prospectus,

(b) the parent entity column must account for investments in all subsidiaries under the equity method, and

(c) all subsidiary entity columns must account for investments in non-credit supporter subsidiaries under the equity method.

GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS AS TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

SEC Rules

Regulation S-X

Form and Content of and Requirements for Financial Statements

Section 3-17

Financial statements of natural persons.

(a) In lieu of the financial statements otherwise required, a natural person may file an unaudited balance sheet as of a date within 90 days of date of filing and unaudited statements of comprehensive income for each of the three most recent fiscal years.

(b) Financial statements conforming with the instructions as to financial statements of subsidiaries not consolidated and 50 percent or less owned persons under Section 210.3-09(a) shall be separately presented for:

(1) Each business owned as a sole proprietor,

(2) each partnership, business trust, unincorporated association, or similar business organization of which the person holds a controlling interest and

(3) each corporation of which the person, directly or indirectly, owns securities representing more than 50 percent of the voting power.

(c) Separate financial statements may be omitted, however, for each corporation, business trust, unincorporated association, or similar business organization if the person’s total investment in such entity does not exceed 5 percent of his total assets and the person’s total income from such entity does not exceed 5 percent of his gross income; Provided, that the person’s aggregate investment in and income from all such omitted entities shall not exceed 15 percent of his total assets and gross income, respectively.

National Instrument 44-101 Short Form Prospectus Distributions

Part 4 Filing Requirements for a Short Form Prospectus

Section 4.3

Review of Unaudited Financial Statements

(1) Subject to subsection (2), any unaudited financial statements, other than pro forma financial statements, included in, or incorporated by reference into, a short form prospectus must have been reviewed in accordance with the relevant standards set out in the Handbook for a review of financial statements by the person or company’s auditor or a public accountant’s review of financial statements.

(2) If NI 52-107 permits the financial statements of the person or company in subsection (1) to be audited in accordance with

(a) U.S. AICPA GAAS, the unaudited financial statements may be reviewed in accordance with the review standards issued by the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants,

(a.1) U.S. PCAOB GAAS, the unaudited financial statements may be reviewed in accordance with the review standards issued by the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States of America),

(c) auditing standards that meet the foreign disclosure requirements of the designated foreign jurisdiction to which the issuer is subject, the unaudited financial statements

(i) may be reviewed in accordance with review standards that meet the foreign disclosure requirements of the designated foreign jurisdiction, or

(ii) do not have to be reviewed if

(A) the designated foreign jurisdiction does not have review standards for unaudited financial statements, and

(B) the short form prospectus includes disclosure that the unaudited financial statements have not been reviewed.

Form 41-101F1 Information Required in a Prospectus

Item 8 Management's Discussion and Analysis

Item 8.8

Additional Disclosure For Issuers With Significant Equity Investees

(1) An issuer that has a significant equity investee must disclose

(a) summarized financial information of the equity investee, including the aggregated amounts of assets, liabilities, revenue and profit or loss, and

(b) the issuer’s proportionate interest in the equity investee and any contingent issuance of securities by the equity investee that might significantly affect the issuer’s share of profit or loss.

(2) Provide the disclosure in subsection (1) for the following periods:

(a) the two most recently completed financial years;

(b) if the issuer is not providing disclosure in accordance with section 2.2.1 of Form 51-102F1, the most recent year-to-date interim period and the comparative year-to-date period presented in the interim financial report included in the prospectus, if any.

(3) Subsection (1) does not apply if

(a) the information required under that subsection has been disclosed in the financial statements included in the prospectus, or

(b) the issuer includes in the prospectus separate financial statements of the equity investee for the periods referred to in subsection (2).

National Instrument 44-101 Short Form Prospectus Distributions

Part 2 Qualification to File a Prospectus in The Form of a Short Form Prospectus

Section 2.7

Exemptions for Reporting Issuers that Previously Filed a Prospectus and Successor Issuers

(1) Paragraphs 2.2(d), 2.3(1)(d) and 2.6(1)(b) do not apply to an issuer if

(a) the issuer is not exempt from the requirement in the applicable CD rule to file annual financial statements within a prescribed period after its financial year end, but the issuer has not yet been required under the applicable CD rule to file any annual financial statements, and

(b) unless the issuer is seeking qualification under section 2.6, the issuer has filed and obtained a receipt for a final prospectus that included the issuer’s or each predecessor entity’s comparative annual financial statements for its most recently completed financial year or the financial year immediately preceding its most recently completed financial year, together with the auditor’s report accompanying those financial statements and, if there has been a change of auditors since the comparative period, an auditor’s report on the financial statements for the comparative period.

(2) Paragraphs 2.2(d), 2.3(1)(d) and 2.6(1)(b) do not apply to a successor issuer if

(a) the successor issuer is not exempt from the requirement in the applicable CD rule to file annual financial statements within a prescribed period after its financial year end, but the successor issuer has not yet, since the completion of the restructuring transaction or the reorganization described in paragraph

(b) of the definition of “successor issuer”

Companion Policy to National Instrument 41-101 General Prospectus Requirements

Part 5 Content of Long Form Prospectus (Financial Statements)

Section 5.7

Additional information that may be required

Lexata note: changes to this section effective April 14, 2022 are shown in green (additions) and redline ~~(deletions)~~.

(1) ~~An issuer may find it necessary,~~ In order to meet the requirement for full, true and plain disclosure contained in securities legislation, an issuer may be required to include certain additional financial information in its long form prospectus.~~, such as~~ For instance, in exceptional circumstances, we may require separate financial statements of a subsidiary of the issuer ~~in a long form prospectus~~, even if ~~the financial statements of the~~ that subsidiary ~~are~~ is included in the consolidated financial statements of the issuer. ~~For example, separate financial statements of a subsidiary~~ This exception may be necessary to help explain the risk profile and nature of the operations of the subsidiary.

(2) There may be other exceptional scenarios where issuers may be required to include additional financial information, other than financial statements, in a prospectus in order for the prospectus to meet the requirement for full, true and plain disclosure. An example would be where an issuer incurred significant growth through one or more acquisitions prior to the IPO filing resulting in insufficient financial history of the primary business as disclosed in the prospectus and one of the following situations occurred:

an IPO venture issuer acquired or proposes to acquire a business that would result in any of the applicable significance tests, as calculated in section 8.3 of NI 51-102, close to exceeding the 100% threshold;
the issuer made or proposed to make one or more acquisitions during the relevant period, but financial disclosure was not triggered by Item 32 or 35 of Form 41-101F1;
the issuer completed a relatively large number of unrelated and individually immaterial acquisitions (that are not predecessor entities) in the relevant periods prior to filing the prospectus.

The types of additional financial information that might be necessary to meet the full, true and plain disclosure standard will vary on a case-by-case basis but may include:

property or business valuation reports;
forecasted cash flow information;
additional disclosure about an acquired business, such as key financial information that explains the financial performance and operations of that business prior to its acquisition.

While it is our expectation that these circumstances will be rare, if an issuer thinks that it might fall into an exceptional circumstance where additional financial information might be required, it could utilize the pre-filing procedures in NP 11-202.

(3) If the issuer cannot provide sufficient financial history reflected in the financial statements in a prospectus or the prospectus does not otherwise contain information concerning the business conducted or to be conducted by the issuer that is sufficient to enable an investor to make an informed investment decision, we would consider this important when determining whether the prospectus provides full, true and plain disclosure of all material facts relating to the securities being distributed.

National Instrument 52-107 Acceptable Accounting Principles and Auditing Standards

Part 3 Rules Applying to Financial Years Beginning on or After January 1, 2011

Section 3.14

Acceptable Accounting Policies for Pro Forma Financial Statements

(1) An issuer’s pro forma financial statements must be prepared using accounting policies that

(a) are permitted by the issuer`s GAAP, and

(b) would apply to the information presented in the pro forma financial statements if that information were included in the issuer’s financial statements for the same period as that of the pro forma financial statements.

(2) Despite subsection (1), if an issuer’s financial statements include, or are accompanied by, a reconciliation to U.S. GAAP, the issuer’s pro forma financial statements for the same period as the issuer’s financial statements may be prepared using accounting policies that

(a) are permitted by U.S. GAAP, and

(b) would apply to the information presented in the pro forma financial statements if that information were included in the reconciliation.

(3) Despite subsection (1), if the accounting principles used to prepare an issuer’s most recent annual financial statements differ from the accounting principles used to prepare the issuer’s interim financial report for a subsequent period, the issuer may prepare a pro forma income statement for the same period as that of its most recent annual financial statements using accounting policies that

(a) are permitted by the accounting principles that were used to prepare the issuer’s interim financial report, and

(b) would apply to the information presented in the pro forma income statement if that information were included in the issuer’s interim financial report.

GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS AS TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

SEC Rules

Regulation S-X

Form and Content of and Requirements for Financial Statements

Section 3-02

Consolidated statements of comprehensive income and cash flows.

(a) There shall be filed, for the registrant and its subsidiaries consolidated and for its predecessors, audited statements of comprehensive income and cash flows for each of the three fiscal years preceding the date of the most recent audited balance sheet being filed or such shorter period as the registrant (including predecessors) has been in existence. A registrant that is an emerging growth company, as defined in Section 230.405 of this chapter (Rule 405 of the Securities Act) or Section 240.12b-2 of this chapter (Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act), may, in a Securities Act registration statement for the initial public offering of the emerging growth company’s equity securities, provide audited statements of comprehensive income and cash flows for each of the two fiscal years preceding the date of the most recent audited balance sheet (or such shorter period as the registrant has been in existence).

(b) In addition, for any interim period between the latest audited balance sheet and the date of the most recent interim balance sheet being filed, and for the corresponding period of the preceding fiscal year, statements of comprehensive income and cash flows shall be provided. Such interim financial statements may be unaudited and need not be presented in greater detail than is required by Section 210.10-01.

(c) For filings by registered management investment companies, the requirements of Section 210.3-18 shall apply in lieu of the requirements of this section.

(d) Any foreign private issuer, other than a registered management investment company or an employee plan, may file the financial statements required by Item 8.A of Form 20-F ( Section 249.220 of this chapter) in lieu of the financial statements specified in this rule.

National Instrument 52-107 Acceptable Accounting Principles and Auditing Standards

Part 3 Rules Applying to Financial Years Beginning on or After January 1, 2011

Section 3.7

Acceptable Accounting Principles for SEC Issuers

(1) Despite subsection 3.2(1), an SEC issuer’s financial statements referred to in paragraphs 2.1(2)(b), (c), (e) and (i) and financial information referred to in paragraphs 2.1(2)(f) and (g) that are filed with or delivered to a securities regulatory authority or regulator, other than acquisition statements, may be prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP.

(2) The notes to the financial statements referred to in subsection (1) must identify the accounting principles used to prepare the financial statements.

Form 41-101F1 Information Required in a Prospectus

Item 35 Significant Acquisitions

Section 35.6

Probable acquisitions

(1) Include the information required under subsection (2) for any proposed acquisition of a business or related businesses by an issuer that has progressed to a state where a reasonable person would believe that the likelihood of the issuer completing the acquisition is high, and that, if completed by the issuer at the date of the prospectus, would be a significant acquisition.

(2) For a proposed acquisition of a business or related businesses by the issuer that has progressed to a state where a reasonable person would believe that the likelihood of the issuer completing the acquisition is high and to which subsection (1) applies, include

(a) the information required by sections 2.1 through 2.6 of Form 51-102F4, modified as necessary to convey that the acquisition has not been completed, and

(b) the financial statements or other information of the probable acquisition under subsection (3) for the acquired business or related businesses, if

(i) the issuer was not a reporting issuer in any jurisdiction immediately before filing the prospectus, or

(ii) the issuer was a reporting issuer in at least one jurisdiction immediately before filing the prospectus, and the inclusion of the financial statements or other information is necessary for the prospectus to contain full, true and plain disclosure of all material facts relating to the securities to be distributed.

(3) For a proposed acquisition of a business or related businesses by the issuer that has progressed to a state where a reasonable person would believe that the likelihood of the issuer completing the acquisition is high and to which subsection (2) applies, the requirement to include financial statements or other information under subsection (2)(b) must be satisfied by including

(a) if the issuer was a reporting issuer in at least one jurisdiction immediately before filing the prospectus, the financial statements or other information that would be required to be included in, or incorporated by reference into, a business acquisition report filed under Part 8 of NI 51-102, as if the acquisition date were the date of the prospectus,

(b) if the issuer was not a reporting issuer in any jurisdiction immediately before filing the prospectus, the financial statements or other information that would be required to be included by subsection 35.3(2), as if the acquisition had been completed before the filing of the prospectus and the acquisition date were the date of the prospectus, or

Form 41-101F1 Information Required in a Prospectus

Item 32 Financial Statement Disclosure for Issuers

Section 32.9

Exemption from financial statement disclosure for oil & gas acquisitions

(1) In the case where sections 32.2, 32.3 and 32.7 apply to a completed or proposed acquisition by operation of section 32.1, those sections do not apply if

(a) the acquisition is an acquisition of a business which is an interest in an oil and gas property;

(b) the acquisition is not an acquisition of securities of another issuer, unless the vendor transferred the business referenced in paragraph (1)(a) to the other issuer and that other issuer

(i) was created for the sole purpose of facilitating the acquisition; and

(ii) other than assets or operations relating to the transferred business, has no

(A) substantial assets; or

(B) operating history;

(c) the issuer is unable to provide the financial statements in respect of the acquisition otherwise required under sections 32.2 and 32.3 because those financial statements do not exist or because the issuer does not have access to those financial statements;

(d) the acquisition does not constitute a reverse takeover;

(e) subject to subsections (2) and (3), in respect of the business for each of the financial periods for which financial statements would, but for this section, be required under sections 32.2 and 32.3, the prospectus includes

(i) an operating statement for the business prepared in accordance with section 3.17 of National Instrument 52-107 Acceptable Accounting Principles and Auditing Standards;

(ii) a pro forma operating statement of the issuer that gives effect to the acquisition completed or to be completed since the beginning of the issuer’s most recently completed financial year for which financial statements are required to be included in the prospectus, as if the acquisition had taken place at the beginning of that financial year, for each of the financial periods referred to in paragraph 32.7(2)(b), unless

(A) more than nine months of the acquired business operations have been reflected in the issuer’s most recent audited financial statements included in the prospectus; or

(B) the inclusion of the pro forma financial statements is not necessary for the prospectus to contain full, true and plain disclosure of all material facts relating to the securities to be distributed;

(iii) a description of the property or properties and the interest acquired by the issuer; and

(iv) disclosure of the annual oil and gas production volumes from the business;

(f) the operating statement for the three most recently completed financial years has been audited;

(g) the prospectus discloses

(i) the estimated reserves and related future net revenue attributable to the business, the material assumptions used in preparing the estimates and the identity and relationship to the issuer or to the vendor of the person who prepared the estimates; and

(ii) the estimated oil and gas production volumes from the business for the first year reflected in the estimated disclosure under subparagraph (i).

(2) Subparagraphs (1)(e)(i), (ii) and (iv) do not apply if production, gross sales, royalties, production costs and operating income were nil, or are reasonably expected to be nil for the business for each financial period and the prospectus discloses that fact.

(3) Paragraphs (1)(e) and (f) do not apply in respect of the third most recently completed financial year if the issuer has completed the acquisition and has included in the prospectus the following:

(a) information in accordance with Form 51-101F1 as at a date commencing on or after the acquisition date and within 6 months of the date of the preliminary prospectus;

(b) a report in the form of Form 51-101F2 on the reserves data included in the disclosure required under paragraph (a);

National Instrument 54-101 Communication with Beneficial Owners of Securities of a Reporting Issuer

Part 9 Exceptions and Exemptions

Section 9.1

Audited Annual Financial Statements or Annual Report

The time periods applicable to sending of proxy-related materials prescribed in this Instrument do not apply to the sending of proxy-related materials that are annual financial statements or an annual report if the statements or report are sent directly or indirectly in accordance with the Instrument to beneficial owners of the securities within the time limitations established in applicable corporate law and securities legislation for the sending of the statements or report to registered holders of the securities.

National Instrument 41-101 General Prospectus Requirements

Part 1 Definitions and Interpretations

Section 1.1 Definitions

financial statements

In this Instrument:

“financial statements” includes interim financial reports;

FORM AND CONTENT OF SCHEDULES, GENERAL

SEC Rules

Regulation S-X

Form and Content of and Requirements for Financial Statements

Section 12-04

Condensed financial information of registrant.

(a) Provide condensed financial information as to financial position, cash flows and results of operations of the registrant as of the same dates and for the same periods for which audited consolidated financial statements are required. The financial information required need not be presented in greater detail than is required for condensed statements by Section 210.10-01(a) (2), (3) and (4). Detailed footnote disclosure which would normally be included with complete financial statements may be omitted with the exception of disclosures regarding material contingencies, long-term obligations and guarantees. Descriptions of significant provisions of the registrant’s long-term obligations, mandatory dividend or redemption requirements of redeemable stocks, and guarantees of the registrant shall be provided along with a five year schedule of maturities of debt. If the material contingencies, long-term obligations, redeemable stock requirements and guarantees of the registrant have been separately disclosed in the consolidated statements, they need not be repeated in this schedule.

(b) Disclose separately the amounts of cash dividends paid to the registrant for each of the last three fiscal years by consolidated subsidiaries, unconsolidated subsidiaries and 50 percent or less owned persons accounted for by the equity method, respectively.

SEC Rules

Regulation S-X

Form and Content of and Requirements for Financial Statements

GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS AS TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Section 3-18

Special provisions as to registered management investment companies and companies required to be registered as management investment companies.

(a) For filings by registered management investment companies, the following financial statements shall be filed:

(1) An audited balance sheet or statement of assets and liabilities as of the end of the most recent fiscal year;

(2) An audited statement of operations for the most recent fiscal year conforming to the requirements of Section 210.6-07.

(3) An audited statement of cash flows for the most recent fiscal year if necessary to comply with generally accepted accounting principles. (Further references in this rule to the requirement for such statement are likewise applicable only to the extent that they are consistent with the requirements of generally accepted accounting principles.)

(4) Audited statements of changes in net assets conforming to the requirements of Section 210.6-09 for the two most recent fiscal years.

(b) If the filing is made within 60 days after the end of the registrant’s fiscal year and audited financial statements for the most recent fiscal year are not available, the balance sheet or statement of assets and liabilities may be as of the end of the preceding fiscal year and the filing shall include an additional balance sheet or statement of assets and liabilities as of an interim date within 245 days of the date of filing. In addition, the statements of operations and cash flows (if required by generally accepted accounting principles) shall be provided for the preceding fiscal year and the statement of changes in net assets shall be provided for the two preceding fiscal years and each of the statements shall be provided balance sheet or statement of assets and liabilities being filed. Financial statements for the corresponding period of the preceding fiscal year need not be provided.

(c) If the most current balance sheet or statement of assets and liabilities in a filing is as of a date 245 days or more prior to the date the filing is expected to become effective, the financial statements shall be updated with a balance sheet or statement of assets and liabilities as of an interim date within 245 days. In addition, the statements of operations, cash flows, and changes in net assets shall be provided for the interim period between the end of the most recent fiscal year for which a balance sheet or statement of assets and liabilities is presented and the date of the most recent interim balance sheet or statement of assets and liabilities filed.

(d) Interim financial statements provided in accordance with these requirements may be unaudited but shall be presented in the same detail as required by Section 210.6-01 through 210.6-11 . When unaudited financial statements are presented in a registration statement, they shall include the statement required by Section 210.3-03(d).

National Instrument 51-102 Continuous Disclosure Obligations

Part 4 Financial Statements

Section 4.1

Comparative Annual Financial Statements and Audit

(1) Subject to subsection 4.8(6), a reporting issuer must file annual financial statements that include

(a) a statement of comprehensive income, a statement of changes in equity, and a statement of cash flows for

(i) the most recently completed financial year; and

(ii) the financial year immediately preceding the most recently completed financial year, if any;

(b) a statement of financial position as at the end of each of the periods referred to in paragraph (a);

(c) in the following circumstances, a statement of financial position as at the beginning of the financial year immediately preceding the most recently completed financial year:

(i) the reporting issuer discloses in its annual financial statements an unreserved statement of compliance with IFRS, and

(ii) the reporting issuer

(A) applies an accounting policy retrospectively in its annual financial statements,

(B) makes a retrospective restatement of items in its annual financial statements, or

(d) in the case of the reporting issuer’s first IFRS financial statements, the opening IFRS statement of financial position at the date of transition to IFRS; and

(e) notes to the annual financial statements.

(2) Annual financial statements filed under subsection (1) must be audited.

(3) If a reporting issuer presents the components of profit or loss in a separate income statement, the separate income statement must be displayed immediately before the statement of comprehensive income filed under subsection (1).

Companion Policy 51-102CP Continuous Disclosure Obligations

Part 4A Forward-Looking Information

Section 4A.8

Time Period

Paragraph 4B.2(2)(a) of the Instrument requires a reporting issuer to limit the period covered by FOFI or a financial outlook to a period for which the information can be reasonably estimated. In many cases that time period will not go beyond the end of the reporting issuer’s next fiscal year. Some of the factors a reporting issuer should consider include the reporting issuer’s ability to make appropriate assumptions, the nature of the reporting issuer’s industry, and the reporting issuer’s operating cycle.

National Instrument 52-107 Acceptable Accounting Principles and Auditing Standards

Part 3 Rules Applying to Financial Years Beginning on or After January 1, 2011

Section 3.6

Credit Supporters

(1) Unless subsection 3.2(1) applies, if a credit support issuer files, or includes in a prospectus, financial statements of a credit supporter, the credit supporter’s financial statements must

(a) be prepared in accordance with the accounting principles and audited in accordance with the auditing standards that would apply under this Instrument if the credit supporter were to file financial statements referred to in paragraph 2.1(2)(b), and

(b) identify the accounting principles used to prepare the financial statements.

(2) If a credit support issuer files, or includes in a prospectus, summary financial information for the credit supporter or credit support issuer,

(a) the summary financial information must, in addition to satisfying other requirements in this Instrument

(i) prominently display the presentation currency, and

(ii) disclose the functional currency if it is different from the presentation currency, and

(b) the amounts presented in the summary financial information must be derived from financial statements of the credit supporter or credit support issuer that, if required by securities legislation to be audited, are audited in accordance with the auditing standards that would apply under this Instrument if the credit supporter or credit support issuer, as the case may be, were to file financial statements referred to in paragraph 2.1(2)(b).

Form 41-101F1 Information Required in a Prospectus

Item 34 Exemptions for Certain Issues of Guaranteed Securities

Section 34.1 Definitions and interpretation

summary financial information

(1) In this Item…

(g) “summary financial information” includes the following line items:

(i) revenue;

(ii) profit or loss from continuing operations attributable to owners of the parent;

(iii) profit or loss attributable to owners of the parent; and

(iv) unless the accounting principles used to prepare the financial statements of the entity permits the preparation of the entity’s statement of financial position without classifying assets and liabilities between current and non-current and the entity provides alternative meaningful financial information which is more appropriate to the industry,

(A) current assets;

(B) non-current assets;

(D) non-current liabilities.

Form 62-104F2 Issuer Bid Circular

Part 2 Contents of Issuer Bid Circular

Item 19

Financial Statements

If the most recently available interim financial report is not included, include a statement that the most recent interim financial report will be sent without charge to any security holder requesting them.

Companion Policy 51-102CP Continuous Disclosure Obligations

Part 8 Business Acquisition Reports

Section 8.4

Financial Statements of Related Businesses

Subsection 8.4(8) of the Instrument requires that if a reporting issuer includes in its business acquisition report financial statements for more than one related business, separate financial statements must be presented for each business except for the periods during which the businesses were under common control or management, in which case the reporting issuer may present the financial statements on a combined basis. Although one or more of the related businesses may be insignificant relative to the others, separate financial statements of each business for the same number of periods required must be presented. Relief from the requirement to include financial statements of the least significant related business or businesses may be granted depending on the facts and circumstances.

Form 41-101F1 Information Required in a Prospectus

Item 8 Management's Discussion and Analysis

Item 8.7

Additional Disclosure For Junior Issuers

For a junior issuer that had negative cash flow from operating activities in its most recently completed financial year for which financial statements have been included in the prospectus, disclose

(a) the period of time the proceeds raised under the prospectus are expected to fund operations,

(b) the estimated total operating costs necessary for the issuer to achieve its stated business objectives during that period of time, and

In determining cash flow from operating activities, the issuer must include cash payments related to dividends and borrowing costs.

Form 41-101F1 Information Required in a Prospectus

Item 8 Management's Discussion and Analysis

Item 8.6

Additional Disclosure For Venture Issuers or Ipo Venture Issuers Without Significant Revenue

(1) If the issuer is a venture issuer or an IPO venture issuer that has not had significant revenue from operations in either of its last two financial years, disclose a breakdown of material components of

(a) exploration and evaluation assets or expenditures,

(b) expensed research and development costs,

(d) general and administrative expenses, and

(e) any material costs, whether expensed or recognized as assets, not referred to in paragraphs (a) through (d).

(2) Present the analysis of exploration and evaluation assets or expenditures required by subsection (1) on a property-by-property basis, if the issuer’s business primarily involves mining exploration and development.

(3) Provide the disclosure in subsection (1) for the following periods:

(a) the two most recently completed financial years; and

(4) Subsection (1) does not apply if the information required under that subsection has been disclosed in the financial statements included in the prospectus.

Form 41-101F1 Information Required in a Prospectus

General Instructions

(7) Where the term “issuer” is used, it may be necessary, in order to meet the requirement for full, true and plain disclosure of all material facts, to also include disclosure with respect to persons or companies that the issuer is required, under the issuer`s GAAP, to consolidate, proportionately consolidate or account for using the equity method (for example, including “subsidiaries” as that term is used in Canadian GAAP applicable to publicly accountable enterprises). If it is more likely than not that a person or company will become an entity that the issuer will be required, under the issuer`s GAAP, to consolidate, proportionately consolidate or account for using the equity method, it may be necessary to also include disclosure with respect to the person or company.

(10) If an issuer discloses financial information in a preliminary prospectus or prospectus in a currency other than the Canadian dollar, prominently display the presentation currency.

Companion Policy to National Instrument 41-101 General Prospectus Requirements

Part 5 Content of Long Form Prospectus (Financial Statements)

Section 5.11

Determination of what constitutes a business — mining assets

Lexata note: changes to this section effective April 14, 2022 are shown in green (additions).

While an acquisition of mining assets may constitute an acquisition of a business for securities legislation purposes even if the acquired assets do not meet the definition of a “business” for accounting purposes, we would not consider an acquisition of mining assets to be a business requiring financial statements under either Item 32 or Item 35 of Form 41-101F1 if all of the following apply:

(a) the acquisition of the mining assets was an arm’s length transaction;

(b) no other assets were transferred and no other liabilities were assumed as part of the acquisition;

(c) there has been no exploration, development or production activity on the mining assets in the 3 years (2 years for an IPO venture issuer or a venture issuer) before the date of the preliminary prospectus.

Form 44-101F1 Short Form Prospectus

Item 13 Exemptions for Certain Issues of Guaranteed Securities

Item 13.1 Definitions and Interpretation

summary financial information

(1) In this Item…

(g) “summary financial information” includes the following line items:

(i) revenue;

(ii) profit or loss from continuing operations attributable to owners of the parent;

(iii) profit or loss attributable to owners of the parent; and

(iv) unless the issuer’s GAAP permits the preparation of the credit support issuer’s statement of financial position without classifying assets and liabilities between current and non-current and the credit support issuer provides alternative meaningful financial information which is more appropriate to the industry, current assets; non-current assets; current liabilities; and non-current liabilities.

Companion Policy to National Instrument 41-101 General Prospectus Requirements

Part 5 Content of Long Form Prospectus (Financial Statements)

Section 5.3

Interpretation of issuer – primary business

Lexata note: changes to this section effective April 14, 2022 are shown in green (additions) and redline ~~(deletions)~~.

(1) An issuer is required to provide historical financial statements under Item 32 of Form 41-101F1 for a business or related businesses that a reasonable investor would regard as the primary business of the issuer. The issuer is also required to include the applicable MD&A for the primary business.

However, if the issuer is a reporting issuer whose principal assets are not cash, cash equivalents or an exchange listing, and the acquisition of the primary business represents a significant acquisition ~~for the issuer~~, the reporting issuer is subject to the requirements of Item 35 of Form 41-101F1, and not Item 32 of Form 41-101F1, in respect of the financial statements and other disclosure for ~~the~~ that acquisition.

~~An acquisition does not include a reverse takeover, as defined in NI 41-101 which cross-references the meaning of acquisition as used in Part 8 of NI 51-102. Therefore~~ A reporting issuer cannot rely on the exemption in subsection 32.1(2) of Form 41-101F1 if the applicable transaction is a reverse takeover. In such circumstances, the reverse takeover acquirer would be considered the primary business under either paragraph 32.1(1)(a) or (b) of Form 41-101F1.

Examples of when a reasonable investor would regard the ~~primary~~ business ~~of the issuer~~ or businesses acquired, or proposed to be acquired, to be the ~~acquired~~ primary business ~~or related businesses~~ of the issuer, thereby triggering the application of Item 32 of Form 41-101F1 are when the acquisition(s) was or will be

(a) a reverse takeover,

(b) a qualifying transaction for a Capital Pool Company~~, or~~ under the policies of the TSX Venture Exchange,

(c) a qualifying acquisition or qualification transaction by a special purpose acquisition corporation under the policies of a recognized exchange,

(d) an acquisition that satisfies any of the applicable significance tests set out in subsection 8.3(2) of NI 51-102 if “30 percent” is ~~a significant acquisition at over the~~ read as 100~~% level under subsection 35.1(4) of Form 41-101F1~~ percent (see example 1 below).

(e) an acquisition that results in a fundamental change in the primary business of the issuer, as disclosed in the prospectus (see example 2 below).

For paragraph (d), if the issuer qualifies as an IPO venture issuer, it should refer to paragraphs 8.3(2)(a) and (b) of NI 51-102 for the applicable significance tests.

An issuer may re-calculate the significance of a transaction using the optional significance tests set out in subsection 8.3(4) of NI 51-102, and should refer to paragraph 35.1(4)(b) of Form 41-101F1, except (i) and (ii), for the applicable financial periods and references.

For any proposed acquisition, the issuer should refer to the guidance in subsection 5.9(3) of this Policy to determine whether a reasonable person would believe that the likelihood of the acquisition being completed is high.

In addition to the above,the issuer should consider the facts of each situation to, including the facts of the business or related businesses acquired or proposed to be acquired, and determine whether a reasonable investor would regard the primary business of the issuer to be the acquired business or related businesses.

The disclosure in the prospectus, including financial statements and applicable MD&A, must satisfy the requirement that the long form prospectus contain full, true and plain disclosure of all material facts relating to the securities being distributed.

Example 1: A non-venture issuer completed an acquisition exceeding the 100% threshold for any of the significance tests in the year prior to its most recently completed financial year

Facts:

A non-venture issuer filed a preliminary IPO prospectus on April 1, 2021 that included audited annual financial statements for its financial year ended December 31, 2020.
The issuer disclosed in the prospectus that it had completed Acquisition A on October 1, 2019.
Both the issuer and Acquisition A have a December 31 year-end.

The initial determination of the significance of an acquisition would be calculated based on the financial statements of the issuer and the acquired business or related businesses for the most recently completed financial year of each that ended before the acquisition date. In this case, the significance tests would be based on the most recently completed financial year before the acquisition date (i.e., December 31, 2018) — applying paragraph 35.1(4)(b) of Form 41-101F1 for the purposes of the periods used for the calculation.

Initial tests: Significance tests results based on the most recently completed financial year before the acquisition date (i.e., December 31, 2018)

The following is a summary of certain key information:

Entity	Assets	Investments	Specified profit or loss

Issuer	$ 100	n/a	$ 8

Acquisition A	$ 125	$ 80	$ 7

Significance tests results	125%	80%	87.5%

Acquisition A is regarded to be the primary business of the issuer because it exceeded the 100% threshold for the asset test.

In some circumstances, an issuer may have grown between the date on which the significance tests are calculated and the date of the IPO such that the acquisition is no longer significant enough for a reasonable investor to regard the acquisition as the primary business of the issuer. An issuer could demonstrate this by testing significance using optional significance tests as set out in subsection 8.3(4) of NI 51-102, for the periods set out in subparagraphs 35.1(4)(b)(iii) and (iv) of Form 41-101F1. In this specific example, the applicable time period for the optional significance tests is the year-ended December 31, 2020 for both the issuer and Acquisition A.

We note that financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2020 for Acquisition A are required for the issuer to use the optional significance tests, which can only be used by the issuer after the acquisition date if the business remained substantially intact and was not significantly reorganized, and no significant assets or liabilities were transferred to other entities, as set out in subsection 8.3(6) of NI 51-102.

Optional significance tests: Significance tests results based on the most recently completed financial year (i.e., as at December 31, 2020)

- The following is a summary of certain key information:

Entity	Assets	Investments	Specified profit or loss

Issuer (excluding Acquisition A)	$ 150	n/a	$ 15

Acquisition A	$ 117	$ 80	$ 7

Significance tests results	78.0%	53.3%	46.7%

Application of paragraph 32.1(1)(b) of Form 41-101F1:

Although Acquisition A exceeds the 100% threshold for the asset test using the initial significance tests, by applying the optional significance tests, the issuer may be able to demonstrate that a reasonable investor would not regard Acquisition A to be the primary business of the issuer.
In this circumstance, the issuer experienced growth subsequent to acquiring Acquisition A such that Acquisition A no longer exceeds the 100% threshold. As a result, a reasonable investor would not regard Acquisition A to be the primary business of the issuer. Therefore, the issuer would not be required to provide historical financial statements of Acquisition A under Item 32 of Form 41-101F1.
However, if the issuer applied the optional significance tests and Acquisition A still exceeded the 100% threshold for any of the significance tests, the issuer would have been required to provide audited financial statements of Acquisition A for enough periods so that when those periods are added to the periods for which the issuer’s financial statements are included in the prospectus, the results of the issuer and Acquisition A, either separately or on a consolidated basis, total 3 years. This means that the issuer would have been required to include in the IPO prospectus:
- its audited consolidated financial statements for each of the 3 years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018, which include the results of Acquisition A from October 1, 2019 onwards, and
- the audited standalone financial statements of Acquisition A for the period from January 1, 2019 to September 30, 2019, and for the year-ended December 31, 2018.

Example 2: An issuer has recently changed its primary business through the acquisition of a new business and the acquisition does not meet the 100% threshold for any of the significance tests.

Facts:

An IPO venture issuer filed a preliminary IPO prospectus on April 1, 2021.
The issuer was incorporated on January 1, 2015 to operate a mining exploration and development business.
On December 19, 2020, the issuer acquired a cannabis cultivation property and announced its intention to convert its existing business to a cannabis cultivation business in 2021.
The year end of the issuer and the acquired cannabis cultivation business is December 31.

Application of paragraph 32.1(1)(b) of Form 41-101F1:

To meet the requirements of paragraph 32.1(1)(b) of Form 41-101F1, the issuer must include in the prospectus its audited financial statements for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019.
In addition, given that the issuer has fundamentally changed its primary business to cannabis cultivation activities, the pre-acquisition financial statements for the acquired cannabis cultivation business (along with the related MD&A) must also be included in the prospectus.
This is because a reasonable investor reading the prospectus would regard the primary business of the issuer to be the cannabis cultivation business, as referenced in paragraph 32.1(1)(b) of Form 41-101F1.

(2) The periods for which the issuer must provide financial statements under Item 32 of Form 41-101F1 for an acquired business or related businesses that are regarded as the primary business of the issuer should be determined in reference to sections 32.2 and 32.3 of Form 41-101F1, and with the same exceptions, where applicable, set out in paragraphs 32.4(1) (a) through (e) of Form 41-101F1. For example, for an issuer that is a reporting issuer in at least one jurisdiction immediately before filing a long form prospectus, the reference to ~~three~~ 3 years in ~~sub~~paragraph 32.2(6)(a) of Form 41-101F1 should be read as ~~two~~ 2 years under paragraphs 32.4(1) (a), (b), (d) and (e) of Form 41-101F1.

In addition, subsection 32.2(6) of Form 41-101F1 requires an issuer to include the financial statements for those entities or businesses set out in paragraphs 32.1(1)(a) and (b) of Form 41-101F1 for as many periods before the acquisition as may be necessary. This is so that when these periods are added to the periods for which the issuer’s financial statements are included in the prospectus, the results of the entities or businesses, either separately or on a consolidated basis, total the required number of annual periods (2 or 3 years). These financial statements must be audited.

The issuer must also consider the necessity of including pro forma financial statements pursuant to section 32.7 of Form 41-101F1 to illustrate the impact of the acquisition of the primary business on the issuer’s financial position and results of operations. For additional guidance, an issuer should refer to section 5.10 of this Policy.

(3) Reporting issuers are reminded that an acquisition may constitute the acquisition of a business for securities legislation purposes, even if the acquired set of activities or assets does not meet the definition of a “business” for accounting purposes.

SEC Rules

Regulation S-X

Form and Content of and Requirements for Financial Statements

BANK HOLDING COMPANIES

Section 9-06

Condensed financial information of registrant.

The information prescribed by Section 210.12-04 shall be presented in a note to the financial statements when the restricted net assets (Section 210.1-02(dd)) of consolidated subsidiaries exceed 25 percent of consolidated net assets as of the end of the most recently completed fiscal year. The investment in and indebtedness of and to bank subsidiaries shall be stated separately in the condensed balance sheet from amounts for other subsidiaries; the amount of cash dividends paid to the registrant for each of the last three years by bank subsidiaries shall be stated separately in the condensed statement of comprehensive income from amounts for other subsidiaries.

Companion Policy to National Instrument 41-101 General Prospectus Requirements

Part 5 Content of Long Form Prospectus (Financial Statements)

Section 5.1

Exemptions from financial disclosure requirements

Requests for exemptions from financial disclosure should be made in accordance with Part 19 of the Instrument, which requires the issuer to make submissions in writing along with the reasons for the request. Written submissions should be filed at the time the preliminary long form prospectus is filed, and include any proposed alternative disclosure. If the application involves a novel and substantive issue or raises a novel public policy concern, issuers should use the pre-filing procedures under NP 11-202. Issuers that are not filing their prospectuses under NP 11-202 should also follow the principles outlined and procedures set out in NP 11-202.

GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS AS TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

SEC Rules

Regulation S-X

Form and Content of and Requirements for Financial Statements

Section 3-09

Separate financial statements of subsidiaries not consolidated and 50 percent or less owned persons.

(a) If any of the conditions set forth in Section 210.1-02(w), substituting 20 percent for 10 percent in the tests used therein to determine a significant subsidiary, are met for a majority-owned subsidiary not consolidated by the registrant or by a subsidiary of the registrant, separate financial statements of such subsidiary must be filed. Similarly, if either the first or third condition set forth in Section 210.1-02(w)(1), substituting 20 percent for 10 percent, is met by a 50 percent or less owned person accounted for by the equity method either by the registrant or a subsidiary of the registrant, separate financial statements of such 50 percent or less owned person must be filed.

(b) Insofar as practicable, the separate financial statements required by this section shall be as of the same dates and for the same periods as the audited consolidated financial statements required by Section 210.3-01 and 3-02. However, these separate financial statements are required to be audited only for those fiscal years in which either the first or third condition set forth in Section 210.1-02(w), substituting 20 percent for 10 percent, is met. For purposes of a filing on Form 10-K ( Section 249.310 of this chapter):

(1) If the registrant is an accelerated filer (as defined in Section 240.12b-2 of this chapter) but the 50 percent or less owned person is not an accelerated filer, the required financial statements may be filed as an amendment to the report within 90 days, or within six months if the 50 percent or less owned person is a foreign business, after the end of the registrant’s fiscal year.

(2) If the fiscal year of any 50 percent or less owned person ends within the registrant’s number of filing days before the date of the filing, or if the fiscal year ends after the date of the filing, the required financial statements may be filed as an amendment to the report within the subsidiary’s number of filing days, or within six months if the 50 percent or less owned person is a foreign business, after the end of such subsidiary’s or person’s fiscal year.

(3) The term registrant’s number of filing days means:

(i) 60 days (75 days for fiscal years ending before December 15, 2006) if the registrant is a large accelerated filer;

(ii) 75 days if the registrant is an accelerated filer; and

(iii) 90 days for all other registrants.

(4) The term subsidiary’s number of filing days means:

(i) 60 days (75 days for fiscal years ending before December 15, 2006) if the 50 percent or less owned person is a large accelerated filer;

(ii) 75 days if the 50 percent or less owned person is an accelerated filer; and

(iii) 90 days for all other 50 percent or less owned persons.

(c) Notwithstanding the requirements for separate financial statements in paragraph (a) of this section, where financial statements of two or more majority-owned subsidiaries not consolidated are required, combined or consolidated statements of such subsidiaries may be filed subject to principles of inclusion and exclusion which clearly exhibit the financial position, cash flows and results of operations of the combined or consolidated group. Similarly, where financial statements of two or more 50 percent or less owned persons are required, combined or consolidated statements of such persons may be filed subject to the same principles of inclusion or exclusion referred to above.

(d) If the 50 percent or less owned person is a foreign business, financial statements of the business meeting the requirements of Item 17 of Form 20-F ( Section 249.220f of this chapter) will satisfy this section.

Companion Policy 51-102CP Continuous Disclosure Obligations

Part 8 Business Acquisition Reports

Section 8.7

Preparation of Pro Forma Financial Statements Giving Effect to Significant Acquisitions

(1) Objective and Basis of Preparation – The objective of pro forma financial statements is to illustrate the impact of a transaction on a reporting issuer’s financial position and financial performance by adjusting the historical financial statements of the reporting issuer to give effect to the transaction. Accordingly, the pro forma financial statements should be prepared on the basis of the reporting issuer’s financial statements as already filed. No adjustment should be made to eliminate discontinued operations.

(2) Pro Forma Statement of Financial Position – Subsection 8.4(5) of the Instrument does not require a pro forma statement of financial position to be prepared to give effect to significant acquisitions that are reflected in the reporting issuer’s most recent annual or interim statement of financial position filed under the Instrument.

(3) Non-coterminous Year-ends – Where the financial year-end of a business differs from the reporting issuer’s year-end by more than 93 days, paragraph 8.4(7)(c) requires a statement of comprehensive income for the business to be constructed for a period of 12 consecutive months. For example, if the constructed reporting period is 12 months and ends on June 30, the 12 months should commence on July 1 of the immediately preceding year; it should not begin on March 1st of the immediately preceding year with three of the following 15 months omitted, such as the period from October 1 to December 31, since this would not be a consecutive 12 month period.

(4) Effective Date of Adjustments – For the pro forma income statements included in a business acquisition report, the acquisition and the adjustments should be computed as if the acquisition had occurred at the beginning of the reporting issuer’s most recently completed financial year and carried through the most recent interim period presented, if any. However, one exception to the preceding is that adjustments related to the allocation of the purchase price, including the amortization of fair value increments and intangibles, should be based on the acquisition date amounts of assets acquired and liabilities assumed as if the acquisition occurred on the date of the reporting issuer’s most recent statement of financial position filed.

(5) Acceptable Adjustments – Pro forma adjustments are generally limited to the following two types of adjustments required by paragraph 8.4(7)(b) of the Instrument:

(a) those directly attributable to the specific acquisition transaction for which there are firm commitments and for which the complete financial effects are objectively determinable, and

(b) adjustments to conform amounts for the business or related businesses to the issuer’s accounting policies.

If financial statements for a business or related businesses are prepared in accordance with accounting principles that differ from the issuer’s GAAP and the financial statements do not include a reconciliation to the issuer’s GAAP, pro forma adjustments as described in item (b) above will often be necessary. For example, financial statements for a business or related businesses may be prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP, or in the case of a venture issuer, in accordance with Canadian GAAP applicable to private enterprises, in each case without a reconciliation to the issuer’s GAAP. Even if financial statements for a business or related businesses are prepared in accordance with the issuer’s GAAP, pro forma adjustments as described in item (b) may be necessary to conform amounts for the business or related businesses to the issuer’s accounting policies, including, for example, the issuer’s revenue recognition policy where the revenue recognition policy of the business or related businesses differs from the issuer’s policy.

If the presentation currency used in financial statements for a business or related businesses differs from the presentation currency used in the issuer’s financial statements, the pro forma financial statements must present amounts for the business or related businesses in the presentation currency of the issuer’s financial statements. The pro forma financial statements should explain any adjustments to conform presentation currency.

(6) Multiple Acquisitions – If a reporting issuer has completed multiple acquisitions then, under subsection 8.4(5) of the Instrument, the pro forma financial statements must give effect to each acquisition completed since the beginning of the most recently completed financial year. The pro forma adjustments may be grouped by line item on the face of the pro forma financial statements provided the details for each transaction are disclosed in the notes.

(7) Pro Forma Financial Statements Based on an Earlier Interim Financial Report – The pro forma financial statements are prepared on the basis of the financial statements included in the business acquisition report. As a result, if the reporting issuer relies on subsection 8.4(4) of the Instrument to include financial statements for an earlier interim period of the acquired business than would otherwise be required under subsection (3), the issuer uses its comparable interim period to prepare the pro forma financial statements.

(8) Indirect Acquisitions – Under the securities legislation of certain jurisdictions, it is generally an offence to make a statement in a document that is required to be filed under securities legislation, and that does not state a fact that is necessary to make the statement not misleading. When a reporting issuer acquires a business that has itself recently acquired another business or related businesses (an “indirect acquisition”), the reporting issuer should consider whether it needs to provide disclosure of the indirect acquisition in the business acquisition report, including historical