In this Instrument
“insider bid” means a take-over bid made by
(a) an issuer insider of the offeree issuer,
(b) an associated or affiliated entity of an issuer insider of the offeree issuer,
(c) an associated or affiliated entity of the offeree issuer,
(d) a person described in paragraph (a), (b) or (c) at any time within 12 months preceding the commencement of the bid, or
(e) a joint actor with a person referred to in paragraph (a), (b), (c) or (d);