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Q: Main SEC risk factor rules?

A: The main SEC risk factor rules are outlined in Item 105 of Regulation S-K. Here are the key points: 1. **Discussion of Material Factors**: Registrants must provide a discussion of the material factors that make an investment in the registrant or offering speculative or risky. This discussion should be organized logically with relevant headings. 2. **Specificity**: Each risk factor should be set forth under a subcaption that adequately describes the risk. Generic risk factors that could apply to any registrant or offering should be disclosed at the end of the risk factor section under the caption "General Risk Factors." 3. **Impact Explanation**: Concisely explain how each risk affects the registrant or the securities being offered. 4. **Length and Summary**: If the discussion exceeds 15 pages, a summary of the principal factors, no longer than two pages, must be included in the forepart of the prospectus or annual report. 5. **Placement**: In a registration statement, the risk factor section must immediately follow the summary section required by Section 503 (Item 503 of Regulation S-K). If there is no summary section, it must follow the cover page or the pricing information section. 6. **Plain English Requirement**: The information must be furnished in plain English as per Section 230.421(d) of Regulation C. These rules ensure that investors are well-informed about the risks associated with an investment.

SEC Rules
Regulation S-K
Risk Factors
Item 105

Risk Factors

(a) Where appropriate, provide under the caption “Risk Factors” a discussion of the material factors that make an investment in the registrant or offering speculative or risky. This discussion must be organized logically with relevant headings and each risk factor should be set forth under a subcaption that adequately describes the risk. The presentation of risks that could apply generically to any registrant or any offering is discouraged, but to the extent generic risk factors are presented, disclose them at the end of the risk factor section under the caption “General Risk Factors.”

(b) Concisely explain how each risk affects the registrant or the securities being offered. If the discussion is longer than 15 pages, include in the forepart of the prospectus or annual report, as applicable, a series of concise, bulleted or numbered statements that is no more than two pages summarizing the principal factors that make an investment in the registrant or offering speculative or risky. If the risk factor discussion is included in a registration statement, it must immediately follow the summary section required by Section 229.503 (Item 503 of Regulation S-K). If you do not include a summary section, the risk factor section must immediately follow the cover page of the prospectus or the pricing information section that immediately follows the cover page. Pricing information means price and price-related information that you may omit from the prospectus in an effective registration statement based on Rule 430A (Section 230.430A of this chapter). The registrant must furnish this information in plain English. See Section 230.421(d) of Regulation C of this chapter.

SEC Rules
Regulation S-X
Form and Content of and Requirements for Financial Statements
FINANCIAL AND NON-FINANCIAL DISCLOSURES FOR CERTAIN SECURITIES REGISTERED OR BEING REGISTERED
Section 13-02

Affiliates whose securities collateralize securities registered or being registered.

The requirements of this section shall apply to each security registered or being registered that is issued on or after January 4, 2021, and to each registered security issued and outstanding before January 4, 2021, for which the registrant had prior to that date provided the financial statements specified in Section 210.3-16.

(a) For each security subject to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, and for each security the offer and sale of which is being registered under the Securities Act of 1933, that is collateralized by a security of the registrant’s affiliate or affiliates, provide the following disclosures to the extent material:

(1) A description of the securities pledged as collateral and the affiliates whose securities are pledged as collateral;

(2) A description of the terms and conditions of the collateral arrangement, including the events or circumstances that would require delivery of the collateral;

(3) A description of the trading market for the affiliate’s security pledged as collateral or a statement that there is no market;

(4) Summarized financial information as specified in Section 210.1-02(bb)(1) of each affiliate whose securities are pledged as collateral as follows, with an accompanying note that briefly describes the basis of presentation:

(i) The summarized financial information of each such affiliate consolidated in the registrant’s financial statements may be presented on a combined basis;

(ii) Intercompany balances and transactions between affiliates whose summarized financial information is presented on a combined basis shall be eliminated; (iii) An affiliate’s amounts due from, amounts due to, and transactions with any of the following shall be presented in separate line items:

(A) The registrant;

(B) Any of the registrant’s subsidiaries not included in the summarized financial information of the affiliate(s); and

(C) Related parties;

(iv) If the information provided in response to the requirements of this section (e.g., the trading market for the affiliate’s security pledged as collateral or a statement that there is no market) is applicable to one or more, but not all, affiliates, separately disclose the summarized financial information applicable to those affiliates. In limited circumstances (i.e., where the separate financial information applicable to those affiliates can be easily explained and understood), narrative disclosure may be provided in lieu of the separate summarized financial information otherwise required by this paragraph (a)(4)(iv);

(v) Disclose this summarized financial information as of and for the most recently ended fiscal year and year-to-date interim period included in the registrant’s consolidated financial statements; and

(vi) Notwithstanding that a registrant may omit this summarized financial information if not material, it may also be omitted if one of the following in paragraph (a)(4)(vi)(A) or (B) of this section is true and disclosed. However, paragraph (a)(4)(vi)(A) does not apply if separate disclosure of summarized financial information applicable to one or more, but not all, affiliates is required by paragraph (a)(4)(iv) of this section:

(A) The assets, liabilities and results of operations of the combined affiliates whose securities are pledged as collateral are not materially different than the corresponding amounts presented in the consolidated financial statements of the registrant; or

(B) The combined affiliates whose securities are pledged as collateral have no material assets, liabilities or results of operations;

(5) In a Securities Act registration statement filed in connection with the offer and sale of the collateralized security, if the registrant acquired a significant business after the date of the registrant’s most recent balance sheet included in its consolidated financial statements and the acquired business, one or more of the acquired business’s subsidiaries, or the acquired business and one or more of its subsidiaries are affiliates whose securities collateralize the registrant’s collateralized security, disclose pre-acquisition summarized financial information as specified in paragraph (a)(4) of this section for each such affiliate. The acquired business is significant if it meets any of the conditions specified in the definition of significant subsidiary in Section 210.1-02(w), substituting 20 percent for 10 percent each place it appears therein, based on a comparison of the most recent annual financial statements of the acquired business and the registrant’s most recent annual consolidated financial statements filed at or prior to the date of acquisition. The determination of whether a business has been acquired shall be made in accordance with the guidance set forth in Section 210.11-01(d). Acquisitions of a group of related businesses shall be treated as if they are a single business acquisition for purposes of this comparison. The determination of whether a group of businesses are related shall be made in a manner consistent with Section 210.3-05(a)(3);

(6) Any financial and narrative information about each such affiliate if the information would be material for investors to evaluate the pledge of the affiliate’s securities as collateral; and

(7) Sufficient information so as to make the financial and non-financial information presented not misleading.

(b) The registrant may elect to provide the disclosures required by this section in a footnote to its consolidated financial statements or alternatively, in management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations described in Section 229.303 (Item 303 of Regulation S-K) of this chapter. If not otherwise included in the consolidated financial statements or in management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations, the registrant must include the disclosures in its prospectus immediately following “Risk Factors,” if any, or otherwise, immediately following pricing information described in Section 229.105 (Item 105 of Regulation S-K) of this chapter.

FINANCIAL AND NON-FINANCIAL DISCLOSURES FOR CERTAIN SECURITIES REGISTERED OR BEING REGISTERED
SEC Rules
Regulation S-X
Form and Content of and Requirements for Financial Statements
Section 13-01

Guarantors and issuers of guaranteed securities registered or being registered.

(a) For each guaranteed security subject to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, and for each guaranteed security the offer and sale of which is being registered under the Securities Act of 1933, for which the registrant is the parent company (as that term is defined in Section 210.3-10(b)(1)) of one or more subsidiaries that issue or guarantee the guaranteed security, provide the following disclosures to the extent material:

(1) A description of the issuers and guarantors of the guaranteed security;

(2) A description of the terms and conditions of the guarantees, and how payments to holders of the guaranteed security may be affected by the composition of and relationships among the issuers, guarantors, and subsidiaries of the parent company that are not issuers or guarantors of the guaranteed security;

(3) A description of other factors that may affect payments to holders of the guaranteed security, such as contractual or statutory restrictions on dividends, guarantee enforceability, or the rights of a noncontrolling interest holder;

(4) Summarized financial information as specified in Section 210.1-02(bb)(1) of each issuer and guarantor of the guaranteed security as follows, with an accompanying note that briefly describes the basis of presentation:

(i) The summarized financial information of each such issuer and guarantor consolidated in the parent company’s consolidated financial statements may be presented on a combined basis with the summarized financial information of the parent company;

(ii) Intercompany balances and transactions between issuers and guarantors whose summarized financial information is presented on a combined basis shall be eliminated;

(iii) The summarized financial information shall exclude subsidiaries that are not issuers or guarantors. An issuer’s or guarantor’s investment in a subsidiary that is not an issuer or guarantor shall not be presented. An issuer’s or guarantor’s amounts due from, amounts due to, and transactions with any of the following shall be presented in separate line items:

(A) Subsidiaries that are not issuers or guarantors; and

(B) Related parties;

(iv) If the information provided in response to the requirements of this section (e.g., factors that may affect payments to holders of the guaranteed security) is applicable to one or more, but not all, issuers and/or guarantors, separately disclose the summarized financial information applicable to those issuers and/or guarantors. In limited circumstances (i.e., where the separate financial information applicable to those issuers and/or guarantors can be easily explained and understood), narrative disclosure may be provided in lieu of the separate summarized financial information otherwise required by this paragraph (a)(4)(iv);

(v) Disclose this summarized financial information as of and for the most recently ended fiscal year and year-to-date interim period included in the parent company’s consolidated financial statements; and

(vi) Notwithstanding that a parent company may omit this summarized financial information if not material, it may also be omitted if one of the following in paragraphs (a)(4)(vi)(A) through (D) of this section is true and disclosed. However, paragraph (a)(4)(vi)(A) does not apply if separate disclosure of summarized financial information applicable to one or more, but not all, issuers and/or guarantors is required by paragraph (a)(4)(iv) of this section. For the purposes of this section, a finance subsidiary is a subsidiary that has no assets or operations other than those related to the issuance, administration and repayment of the security being registered and any other securities guaranteed by its parent company:

(A) The assets, liabilities and results of operations of the combined issuers and guarantors of the guaranteed security are not materially different than corresponding amounts presented in the consolidated financial statements of the parent company;

(B) The combined issuers and guarantors, excluding investments in subsidiaries that are not issuers or guarantors, have no material assets, liabilities or results of operations;

(C) The issuer is a finance subsidiary of the parent company, the parent company has fully and unconditionally guaranteed the security, and no other subsidiary of the parent company guarantees the security; or

(D) The issuer is a finance subsidiary that co-issued the security, jointly and severally, with the parent company, and no other subsidiary of the parent company guarantees the security;

(5) In a Securities Act registration statement filed in connection with the offer and sale of the guaranteed security, if the parent company acquired a significant business after the date of the parent company’s most recent balance sheet included in its consolidated financial statements and the acquired business, one or more of the acquired business’s subsidiaries, or the acquired business and one or more of its subsidiaries are issuers or guarantors of the guaranteed securities, disclose preacquisition summarized financial information as specified in paragraph (a)(4) of this section for each such issuer or guarantor. The acquired business is significant if it meets any of the conditions specified in the definition of significant subsidiary in Section 210.1-02(w), substituting 20 percent for 10 percent each place it appears therein, based on a comparison of the most recent annual financial statements of the acquired business and the parent company’s most recent annual consolidated financial statements filed at or prior to the date of acquisition. The determination of whether a business has been acquired shall be made in accordance with the guidance set forth in Section 210.11-01(d). Acquisitions of a group of related businesses shall be treated as if they are a single business acquisition for purposes of this comparison. The determination of whether a group of businesses are related shall be made in a manner consistent with Section 210.3-05(a)(3);

(6) Any financial and narrative information about each guarantor if the information would be material for investors to evaluate the sufficiency of the guarantee; and

(7) Sufficient information so as to make the financial and non-financial information presented not misleading.

(b) The parent company may elect to provide the disclosures required by this section in a footnote to its consolidated financial statements or alternatively, in management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations described in Section 229.303 (Item 303 of Regulation S-K) of this chapter. If not otherwise included in the consolidated financial statements or in management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations, the parent company must include the disclosures in its prospectus immediately following “Risk Factors,” if any, or otherwise, immediately following pricing information described in Section 229.105 (Item 105 of Regulation S-K) of this chapter.

EMPLOYEE STOCK PURCHASE, SAVINGS AND SIMILAR PLANS
SEC Rules
Regulation S-X
Form and Content of and Requirements for Financial Statements
Section 6A-03

Statements of financial condition.

Statements of financial condition filed under this rule shall comply with the following provisions:

Plan Assets

1. Investments in securities of participating employers. State separately each class of securities of the participating employer or employers.

2. Investments in securities of unaffiliated issuers.

(a) United States Government bonds and other obligations. Include only direct obligations of the United States Government.

(b) Other securities. State separately (1) marketable securities and (2) other securities.

3. Investments. Other than securities. State separately each major class.

4. Dividends and interest receivable.

5. Cash.

6. Other assets. State separately (a) total of amounts due from participating employers or any of their directors, officers and principal holders of equity securities; (b) total of amounts due from trustees or managers of the plan; and (c) any other significant amounts.

Liabilities and Plan Equity

7. Liabilities. State separately (a) total of amounts payable to participating employers; (b) total of amounts payable to participating employees; and (c) any other significant amounts.

8. Reserves and other credits. State separately each significant item and describe each such item by using an appropriate caption or by a footnote referred to in the caption.

9. Plan equity at close of period.

SEC Rules
Regulation S-X
Form and Content of and Requirements for Financial Statements
INSURANCE COMPANIES
Section 7-02

General requirement.

(a) The requirements of the general rules in Section 210.1-01 to 210.4-10 (Articles 1, 2, 3, 3A and 4) shall be applicable except where they differ from requirements of Section 210.7-01 to 210.7-05.

(b) Financial statements filed for mutual life insurance companies and wholly owned stock insurance company subsidiaries of mutual life insurance companies may be prepared in accordance with statutory accounting requirements. Financial statements prepared in accordance with statutory accounting requirements may be condensed as appropriate, but the amounts to be reported for net gain from operations (or net income or loss) and total capital and surplus (or surplus as regards policyholders) shall be the same as those reported on the corresponding Annual Statement.

SEC Rules
Regulation S-X
Form and Content of and Requirements for Financial Statements
FORM AND CONTENT OF SCHEDULES, FOR FACE AMOUNT CERTIFICATE INVESTMENT COMPANIES
Section 12-27

Qualified assets on deposit.1

Column A – Name of depositary2 Column B – Cash Column C – Investments in securities Column D – First mortgages and other first liens on real estate Column E – Other Column F – Total33

1 All money columns shall be totaled.

2 Classify names of individual depositaries under group headings, such as banks and states.

3 Total of column F shall agree with note required by Section 210.6-06(4) as to total amount of qualified Assets on Deposit.

National Instrument 52-107 Acceptable Accounting Principles and Auditing Standards
Part 3 Rules Applying to Financial Years Beginning on or After January 1, 2011
Section 3.7

Acceptable Accounting Principles for SEC Issuers

(1) Despite subsection 3.2(1), an SEC issuer’s financial statements referred to in paragraphs 2.1(2)(b), (c), (e) and (i) and financial information referred to in paragraphs 2.1(2)(f) and (g) that are filed with or delivered to a securities regulatory authority or regulator, other than acquisition statements, may be prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP.

(2) The notes to the financial statements referred to in subsection (1) must identify the accounting principles used to prepare the financial statements.

SEC Rules
Regulation S-X
Form and Content of and Requirements for Financial Statements
REGISTERED INVESTMENT COMPANIES AND BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT COMPANIES
Section 6-03

Special rules of general application to registered investment companies and business development companies.

The financial statements filed for persons to which Section 210.6-01 through 210.6-11 are applicable shall be prepared in accordance with the following special rules in addition to the general rules in Section 210.1-01 to 210.4-10 (Articles 1, 2, 3, and 4). Where the requirements of a special rule differ from those prescribed in a general rule, the requirements of the special rule shall be met.

(a) Content of financial statements. The financial statements shall be prepared in accordance with the requirements of this part (Regulation S-X) notwithstanding any provision of the articles of incorporation, trust indenture or other governing legal instruments specifying certain accounting procedures inconsistent with those required in Section 210.6-01 through 210.6-11.

(b) Audited financial statements. Where, under Article 3 of this part, financial statements are required to be audited, the independent accountant shall have been selected and ratified in accordance with section 32 of the Investment Company Act of 1940 (15 U.S.C. 80a-31).

(c) Consolidated and combined statements.

(1) Consolidated and combined statements filed for registered investment companies and business development companies shall be prepared in accordance with Section 210.3A-02 and 210.3A-03 (Article 3A), except that:

(i) [Reserved]

(ii) A consolidated statement of the registrant and any of its investment company subsidiaries shall not be filed unless accompanied by a consolidating statement which sets forth the individual statements of each significant subsidiary included in the consolidated statement: Provided, however, That a consolidating statement need not be filed if all included subsidiaries are totally held; and

(iii) Consolidated or combined statements filed for subsidiaries not consolidated with the registrant shall not include any investment companies unless accompanied by consolidating or combining statements which set forth the individual statements of each included investment company which is a significant subsidiary.

(2) If consolidating or combining statements are filed, the amounts included under each caption in which financial data pertaining to affiliates is required to be furnished shall be subdivided to show separately the amounts:

(i) Eliminated in consolidation; and

(ii) Not eliminated in consolidation.

(d) Valuation of investments. The balance sheets of registered investment companies, other than issuers of face-amount certificates, and business development companies, shall reflect all investments at value, with the aggregate cost of each category of investment reported under Section 210.6-04 subsection 1, 2, 3, and 9 or the aggregate cost of each category of investment reported under Section 210.6-05 subsection 1 shown parenthetically. State in a note the methods used in determining the value of investments. As required by section 28(b) of the Investment Company Act of 1940 (15 U.S.C. 80a-28(b)), qualified assets of faceamount certificate companies shall be valued in accordance with certain provisions of the Code of the District of Columbia.

(e) Qualified assets. State in a note the nature of any investments and other assets maintained or required to be maintained, by applicable legal instruments, in respect of outstanding face-amount certificates. If the nature of the qualifying assets and amount thereof are not subject to the provisions of section 28 of the Investment Company Act of 1940 (15 U.S.C. 80a-28), a statement to that effect shall be made.

(f) Restricted securities. State in a note unless disclosed elsewhere the following information as to investment securities which cannot be offered for public sale without first being registered under the Securities Act of 1933 (15 U.S.C. 77a et seq.) (restricted securities):

(1) The policy of the person with regard to acquisition of restricted securities.

(2) The policy of the person with regard to valuation of restricted securities. Specific comments shall be given as to the valuation of an investment in one or more issues of securities of a company or group of affiliated companies if any part of such investment is restricted and the aggregate value of the investment in all issues of such company or affiliated group exceeds five percent of the value of total assets. (As used in this paragraph, the term affiliated shall have the meaning given in Section 210.6-02(a).)

(3) A description of the person’s rights with regard to demanding registration of any restricted securities held at the date of the latest balance sheet.

(g) Income recognition. Dividends shall be included in income on the ex-dividend date; interest shall be accrued on a daily basis. Dividends declared on short positions existing on the record date shall be recorded on the ex-dividend date and included as an expense of the period.

(h) Federal income taxes.

(1) The company’s status as a regulated investment company as defined in subtitle A, chapter 1, subchapter M of the Internal Revenue Code, as amended, shall be stated in a note referred to in the appropriate statements. Such note shall also indicate briefly the principal assumptions on which the company relied in making or not making provisions for income taxes. However, a company which retains realized capital gains and designates such gains as a distribution to shareholders in accordance with section 852(b)(3)(D) of the Internal Revenue Code shall, on the last day of its taxable year (and not earlier), make provision for taxes on such undistributed capital gains realized during such year.

(2) State the following amounts based on cost for Federal income tax purposes:

(i) Aggregate gross unrealized appreciation for all investments in which there is an excess of value over tax cost;

(ii) The aggregate gross unrealized depreciation for all investments in which there is an excess of tax cost over value;

(iii) The net unrealized appreciation or depreciation; and

(iv) The aggregate cost of investments for Federal income tax purposes.

(i) Issuance and repurchase by a registered investment company or business development company of its own securities. Disclose for each class of the company’s securities:

(1) The number of shares, units, or principal amount of bonds sold during the period of report, the amount received therefor, and, in the case of shares sold by closed-end management investment companies, the difference, if any, between the amount received and the net asset value or preference in involuntary liquidation (whichever is appropriate) of securities of the same class prior to such sale; and

(2) The number of shares, units, or principal amount of bonds repurchased during the period of report and the cost thereof. Closed-end management investment companies shall furnish the following additional information as to securities repurchased during the period of report:

(i) As to bonds and preferred shares, the aggregate difference between cost and the face amount or preference in involuntary liquidation and, if applicable net assets taken at value as of the date of repurchase were less than such face amount or preference, the aggregate difference between cost and such net asset value;

(ii) As to common shares, the weighted average discount per share, expressed as a percentage, between cost of repurchase and the net asset value applicable to such shares at the date of repurchases. Note to paragraphs (h)(2)(i) and (ii): The information required by paragraphs (h)(2)(i) and (ii) of this section may be based on reasonable estimates if it is impracticable to determine the exact amounts involved.

(j) Series companies.

(1) The information required by this part shall, in the case of a person which in essence is comprised of more than one separate investment company, be given as if each class or series of such investment company were a separate investment company; this shall not prevent the inclusion, at the option of such person, of information applicable to other classes or series of such person on a comparative basis, except as to footnotes which need not be comparative.

(2) If the particular class or series for which information is provided may be affected by other classes or series of such investment company, such as by the offset of realized gains in one series with realized losses in another, or through contingent liabilities, such situation shall be disclosed.

(k) Certificate reserves.

(1) For companies issuing face-amount certificates subsequent to December 31, 1940 under the provisions of section 28 of the Investment Company Act of 1940 (15 U.S.C. 80a-28), balance sheets shall reflect reserves for outstanding certificates computed in accordance with the provisions of section 28(a) of the Act.

(2) For other companies, balance sheets shall reflect reserves for outstanding certificates determined as follows:

(i) For certificates of the installment type, such amount which, together with the lesser of future payments by certificate holders as and when accumulated at a rate not to exceed 3.5 per centum per annum (or such other rate as may be appropriate under the circumstances of a particular case) compounded annually, shall provide the minimum maturity or face amount of the certificate when due.

(ii) For certificates of the fully-paid type, such amount which, as and when accumulated at a rate not to exceed 3.5 per centum per annum (or such other rate as may be appropriate under the circumstances of a particular case) compounded annually, shall provide the amount or amounts payable when due.

(iii) Such amount or accrual therefor, as shall have been credited to the account of any certificate holder in the form of any credit, or any dividend, or any interest in addition to the minimum maturity or face amount specified in the certificate, plus any accumulations on any amount so credited or accrued at rates required under the terms of the certificate.

(iv) An amount equal to all advance payments made by certificate holders, plus any accumulations thereon at rates required under the terms of the certificate.

(v) Amounts for other appropriate contingency reserves, for death and disability benefits or for reinstatement rights on any certificate providing for such benefits or rights.

(l) Inapplicable captions. Attention is directed to the provisions of Section 210.4-02 and 210.4-03 which permit the omission of separate captions in financial statements as to which the items and conditions are not present, or the amounts involved not significant. However, amounts involving directors, officers, and affiliates shall nevertheless be separately set forth except as otherwise specifically permitted under a particular caption.

(m) Swing pricing. For a registered investment company that has adopted swing pricing policies and procedures, state in a note to the company’s financial statements:

(1) The general methods used in determining whether the company’s net asset value per share will swing;

(2) Whether the company’s net asset value per share has swung during the year; and

(3) A general description of the effects of swing pricing.

SEC Rules
Regulation S-X
Form and Content of and Requirements for Financial Statements
FORM AND CONTENT OF SCHEDULES, FOR FACE AMOUNT CERTIFICATE INVESTMENT COMPANIES
Section 12-23

Mortgage loans on real estate and interest earned on mortgages.1

Part 1 – Mortgage loans on real estate at close of period Part 2 – Interest earned on mortgages
Column A- List by classification indicated below2 3 7 Column B – Prior liens2 Column C – Carrying amount of mortgage8 9 10 11 Column D – Amount of principal unpaid at close of period Column E – Amount of mortgage being foreclosed Column F – Interest due and accrued at end of period6 Column G – Interest income earned applicable to period5
(1) – Total (2) – Subject to delinquent interest4
Liens on:
Farms (total)
Residential (total)
Apartments and business (total)
Unimproved (total)
Total1 2

1 All money columns shall be totaled.

2 If mortgages represent other than first liens, list separately in a schedule in a like manner, indicating briefly the nature of the lien. Information need not be furnished as to such liens which are fully insured or wholly guaranteed by an agency of the United States Government.

3 In a separate schedule classify by states in which the mortgaged property is located the total amounts in support of columns B, C, D and E.

4 (a) Interest in arrears for less than 3 months may be disregarded in computing the total amount of principal subject to delinquent interest.

(b) Of the total principal amount, state the amount acquired from controlled and other affiliates.

5 In order to reconcile the total of column G with the amount shown in the profit and loss or income statement, interest income earned applicable to period from mortgages sold or canceled during period should be added to the total of this column.

6 If the information required by columns F and G is not reasonably available because the obtaining thereof would involve unreasonable effort or expense, such information may be omitted if the registrant shall include a statement showing that unreasonable effort or expense would be involved. In such an event, state in column G for each of the above classes of mortgage loans the average gross rate of interest on mortgage loans held at the end of the fiscal period.

7 Each mortgage loan included in column C in an amount in excess of $500,000 shall be listed separately. Loans from $100,000 to $500,000 shall be grouped by $50,000 groups, indicating the number of loans in each group. .

8 In a footnote to this schedule, furnish a reconciliation, in the following form, of the carrying amount of mortgage loans at the beginning of the period with the total amount shown in column C:

Balance at beginning of period $
Additions during period:
New mortgage loans $
Other (describe)
Deductions during period:
Collections of principal $
Foreclosures
Cost of mortgages sold
Amortization of premium
Other (describe)
Balance at close of period $

If additions represent other than cash expenditures, explain. If any of the changes during the period result from transactions, directly or indirectly with affiliates, explain the bases of such transactions, and amounts involved. State the aggregate amount of mortgages (a) renewed and (b) extended. If the carrying amount of the new mortgages is in excess of the unpaid amount (not including interest) of prior mortgages, explain.

9 If any item of mortgage loans on real estate investments has been written down or reserved against pursuant to Section 210.6-03 describe the item and explain the basis for the write-down or reserve.

10 State in a footnote to column C the aggregate cost for Federal income tax purposes.

11 If the total amount shown in column C includes intercompany profits, state the bases of the transactions resulting in such profits and, if practicable, state the amounts thereof.

12 Summarize the aggregate amounts for each column applicable to Section 210.6-06(1) and 6-06(5)(a).

FORM AND CONTENT OF SCHEDULES, FOR MANAGEMENT INVESTMENT COMPANIES
SEC Rules
Regulation S-X
Form and Content of and Requirements for Financial Statements
Section 12-14

Investments in and advances to affiliates.

[For management investment companies only]

Col. A Col. B Col. C Col. D Col. E Col. F
Name of issuer and title of issue or nature of indebtedness1 2 3 Number of shares – principal amount of bonds, notes and other indebtedness held at close of period Net realized gain or loss for the period4 6 Net increase or decrease in unrealized appreciation or depreciation for the period4 6 Amount of dividends or interest4 6 (1) Credited to income (2) Other Value of each item at close of period4 5 7 8 9

1 (a) List each issue separately and group (1) Investments in majority-owned subsidiaries; (2) other controlled companies; and (3) other affiliates. (b) If during the period there has been any increase or decrease in the amount of investment in and advance to any affiliate, state in a footnote (or if there have been changes to numerous affiliates, in a supplementary schedule) (1) name of each issuer and title of issue or nature of indebtedness; (2) balance at beginning of period; (3) gross additions; (4) gross reductions;(5) balance at close of period as shown in Column F. Include in the footnote or schedule comparable information as to affiliates in which there was an investment at any time during the period even though there was no investment at the close of the period of report.

2 Categorize the schedule as required by instruction 2 of Section 210.12-12.

3 Indicate the interest rate or preferential dividend rate and maturity date, as applicable, for preferred stocks, convertible securities, fixed income securities, government securities, loan participations and assignments, commercial paper, bankers’ acceptances, certificates of deposit, short-term securities, repurchase agreements, or other instruments with a stated rate of income. For variable rate securities, indicate a description of the reference rate and spread and: (1) The end of period interest rate or (2) disclose the end of period reference rate for each reference rate described in the Schedule in a note to the Schedule. For securities with payment in kind income, disclose the rate paid in kind.

4 Columns C, D, E, and F shall be totaled. The totals of Column F shall agree with the correlative amount shown on the related balance sheet.

5 (a) Indicate by an appropriate symbol each issue of restricted securities. The information required by instruction 8 of Section 210.12-12 shall be given in a footnote. (b) Indicate by an appropriate symbol each issue of securities subject to option. The information required by Section 210.12-13 shall be given in a footnote.

6 (a) Include in Column E (1) as to each issue held at the close of the period, the dividends or interest included in caption 1 of the statement of operations. In addition, show as the final item in Column E (1) the aggregate of dividends and interest included in the statement of operations in respect of investments in affiliates not held at the close of the period. The total of this column shall agree with the correlative amount shown on the related statement of operations.

(b) Include in Column E (2) all other dividends and interest. Explain in an appropriate footnote the treatment accorded each item.

(c) Indicate by an appropriate symbol all non-cash dividends and interest and explain the circumstances in a footnote.

(d) Indicate by an appropriate symbol each issue of securities which is non-income producing. Evidences of indebtedness and preferred shares may be deemed to be income producing if, on the respective last interest payment date or date for the declaration of dividends prior to the date of the related balance sheet, there was only a partial payment of interest or a declaration of only a partial amount of the dividends payable; in such case, however, each such issue shall be indicated by an appropriate symbol referring to a note to the effect that, on the last interest or dividend date, only partial interest was paid or partial dividends declared. If, on such respective last interest or dividend date, no interest was paid or no cash or in kind dividends declared, the issue shall not be deemed to be income producing. Common shares shall not be deemed to be income producing unless, during the last year preceding the date of the related balance sheet, there was at least one dividend paid upon such common shares.

(e) Include in Column C (1) as to each issue held at the close of the period, the realized gain or loss included in Section 210.6-07.7 of the statement of operations. In addition, show as the final item in Column C (1) the aggregate of realized gain or loss included in the statement of operations in respect of investments in affiliates not held at the close of the period. The total of this column shall agree with the correlative amount shown on the related statement of operations.

(f) Include in Column D (1) as to each issue held at the close of the period, the net increase or decrease in unrealized appreciation or depreciation included in Section 210.6-07 .7 of the statement of operations. In addition, show as the final item in Column D (1) the aggregate of increase or decrease in unrealized appreciation or depreciation included in the statement of operations in respect of investments in affiliates not held at the close of the period. The total of this column shall agree with the correlative amount shown on the related statement of operations.

7 The subtotals for each category of investments, subdivided both by type of investment and industry, country, or geographic region, shall be shown together with their percentage value compared to net assets.

8 Indicate by an appropriate symbol each issue of securities whose value was determined using significant unobservable inputs.

9 Indicate by an appropriate symbol each issue of securities held in connection with open put or call option contracts, loans for short sales, or where any portion of the issue is on loan.

SEC Rules
Regulation S-X
Form and Content of and Requirements for Financial Statements
EMPLOYEE STOCK PURCHASE, SAVINGS AND SIMILAR PLANS
Section 6A-02

Special rules applicable to employee stock purchase, savings and similar plans.

The financial statements filed for persons to which this article is applicable shall be prepared in accordance with the following special rules in addition to the general rules in Section 210.1-01 to 210.4-10. Where the requirements of a special rule differ from those prescribed in a general rule, the requirements of the special rule shall be met.

(a) Investment programs. If the participating employees have an option as to the manner in which their deposits and contributions may be invested, a description of each investment program shall be given in a footnote or otherwise. The number of employees under each investment program shall be stated.

(b) Net asset value per unit. Where appropriate, the number of units and the net asset value per unit shall be given by footnote or otherwise.

(c) Federal income taxes.

(1) If the plan is not subject to Federal income taxes, a note shall so state indicating briefly the principal assumptions on which the plan relied in not making provision for such taxes.

(2) State the Federal income tax status of the employee with respect to the plan.

(d) Valuation of assets. The statement of financial condition shall reflect all investments at value, showing cost parenthetically. For purposes of this rule, the term value shall mean

(1) market value for those securities having readily available market quotations and

(2) fair value as determined in good faith by the trustee(s) for the plan (or by the person or persons who exercise similar responsibilities) with respect to other securities and assets.

MD&A
SEC Rules
Regulation S-K
Item 303(b)

Full Fiscal Years

The discussion of financial condition, changes in financial condition and results of operations must provide information as specified in paragraphs (b)(1) through (3) of this section and such other information that the registrant believes to be necessary to an understanding of its financial condition, changes in financial condition and results of operations. Where the financial statements reflect material changes from period-to-period in one or more line items, including where material changes within a line item offset one another, describe the underlying reasons for these material changes in quantitative and qualitative terms. Where in the registrant’s judgment a discussion of segment information and/or of other subdivisions (e.g., geographic areas, product lines) of the registrant’s business would be necessary to an understanding of such business, the discussion must focus on each relevant reportable segment and/or other subdivision of the business and on the registrant as a whole.

(1) Liquidity and capital resources. Analyze the registrant’s ability to generate and obtain adequate amounts of cash to meet its requirements and its plans for cash in the short-term (i.e., the next 12 months from the most recent fiscal period end required to be presented) and separately in the long-term (i.e., beyond the next 12 months). The discussion should analyze material cash requirements from known contractual and other obligations. Such disclosures must specify the type of obligation and the relevant time period for the related cash requirements. As part of this analysis, provide the information in paragraphs (b)(1)(i) and (ii) of this section.

(i) Liquidity. Identify any known trends or any known demands, commitments, events or uncertainties that will result in or that are reasonably likely to result in the registrant’s liquidity increasing or decreasing in any material way. If a material deficiency is identified, indicate the course of action that the registrant has taken or proposes to take to remedy the deficiency. Also identify and separately describe internal and external sources of liquidity, and briefly discuss any material unused sources of liquid assets.

(ii) Capital resources.

(A) Describe the registrant’s material cash requirements, including commitments for capital expenditures, as of the end of the latest fiscal period, the anticipated source of funds needed to satisfy such cash requirements and the general purpose of such requirements.

(B) Describe any known material trends, favorable or unfavorable, in the registrant’s capital resources. Indicate any reasonably likely material changes in the mix and relative cost of such resources. The discussion must consider changes among equity, debt, and any off-balance sheet financing arrangements.

(2) Results of operations.

(i) Describe any unusual or infrequent events or transactions or any significant economic changes that materially affected the amount of reported income from continuing operations and, in each case, indicate the extent to which income was so affected. In addition, describe any other significant components of revenues or expenses that, in the registrant’s judgment, would be material to an understanding of the registrant’s results of operations.

(ii) Describe any known trends or uncertainties that have had or that are reasonably likely to have a material favorable or unfavorable impact on net sales or revenues or income from continuing operations. If the registrant knows of events that are reasonably likely to cause a material change in the relationship between costs and revenues (such as known or reasonably likely future increases in costs of labor or materials or price increases or inventory adjustments), the change in the relationship must be disclosed.

(iii) If the statement of comprehensive income presents material changes from period to period in net sales or revenue, if applicable, describe the extent to which such changes are attributable to changes in prices or to changes in the volume or amount of goods or services being sold or to the introduction of new products or services.

(3) Critical accounting estimates. Critical accounting estimates are those estimates made in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles that involve a significant level of estimation uncertainty and have had or are reasonably likely to have a material impact on the financial condition or results of operations of the registrant. Provide qualitative and quantitative information necessary to understand the estimation uncertainty and the impact the critical accounting estimate has had or is reasonably likely to have on financial condition or results of operations to the extent the information is material and reasonably available. This information should include why each critical accounting estimate is subject to uncertainty and, to the extent the information is material and reasonably available, how much each estimate and/or assumption has changed over a relevant period, and the sensitivity of the reported amount to the methods, assumptions and estimates underlying its calculation.

Instructions to paragraph (b): 1. Generally, the discussion must cover the periods covered by the financial statements included in the filing and the registrant may use any presentation that in the registrant’s judgment enhances a reader’s understanding. A smaller reporting company’s discussion must cover the two-year period required in Section 210.8-01 through 210.8-08 of this chapter (Article 8 of Regulation S-X) and may use any presentation that in the registrant’s judgment enhances a reader’s understanding. For registrants providing financial statements covering three years in a filing, discussion about the earliest of the three years may be omitted if such discussion was already included in the registrant’s prior filings on EDGAR that required disclosure in compliance with Section 229.303 (Item 303 of Regulation S-K), provided that registrants electing not to include a discussion of the earliest year must include a statement that identifies the location in the prior filing where the omitted discussion may be found. An emerging growth company, as defined in Section 230.405 of this chapter (Rule 405 of the Securities Act) or Section 240.12b-2 of this chapter (Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act), may provide the discussion required in paragraph (b) of this section for its two most recent fiscal years if, pursuant to Section 7(a) of the Securities Act of 1933 (15 U.S.C. 77g(a)), it provides audited financial statements for two years in a Securities Act registration statement for the initial public offering of the emerging growth company’s common equity securities.

2. If the reasons underlying a material change in one line item in the financial statements also relate to other line items, no repetition of such reasons in the discussion is required and a line-by-line analysis of the financial statements as a whole is neither required nor generally appropriate. Registrants need not recite the amounts of changes from period to period if they are readily computable from the financial statements. The discussion must not merely repeat numerical data contained in the financial statements.

3. Provide the analysis in a format that facilitates easy understanding and that supplements, and does not duplicate, disclosure already provided in the filing. For critical accounting estimates, this disclosure must supplement, but not duplicate, the description of accounting policies or other disclosures in the notes to the financial statements.

4. For the liquidity and capital resources disclosure, discussion of material cash requirements from known contractual obligations may include, for example, lease obligations, purchase obligations, or other liabilities reflected on the registrant’s balance sheet. Except where it is otherwise clear from the discussion, the registrant must discuss those balance sheet conditions or income or cash flow items which the registrant believes may be indicators of its liquidity condition.

5. Where financial statements presented or incorporated by reference in the registration statement are required by Section 210.4-08(e)(3) of this chapter (Rule 4-08(e)(3) of Regulation S-X) to include disclosure of restrictions on the ability of both consolidated and unconsolidated subsidiaries to transfer funds to the registrant in the form of cash dividends, loans or advances, the discussion of liquidity must include a discussion of the nature and extent of such restrictions and the impact such restrictions have had or are reasonably likely to have on the ability of the parent company to meet its cash obligations.

6. Any forward-looking information supplied is expressly covered by the safe harbor rule for projections. See 17 CFR 230.175 [Rule 175 under the Securities Act], 17 CFR 240.3b-6 [Rule 3b-6 under the Exchange Act], and Securities Act Release No. 6084 (June 25, 1979).

7. All references to the registrant in the discussion and in this section mean the registrant and its subsidiaries consolidated.

8. Discussion of commitments or obligations, including contingent obligations, arising from arrangements with unconsolidated entities or persons that have or are reasonably likely to have a material current or future effect on a registrant’s financial condition, changes in financial condition, revenues or expenses, results of operations, liquidity, cash requirements or capital resources must be provided even when the arrangement results in no obligations being reported in the registrant’s consolidated balance sheets. Such off-balance sheet arrangements may include: Guarantees; retained or contingent interests in assets transferred; contractual arrangements that support the credit, liquidity or market risk for transferred assets; obligations that arise or could arise from variable interests held in an unconsolidated entity; or obligations related to derivative instruments that are both indexed to and classified in a registrant’s own equity under U.S. GAAP.

9. If the registrant is a foreign private issuer, briefly discuss any pertinent governmental economic, fiscal, monetary, or political policies or factors that have materially affected or could materially affect, directly or indirectly, its operations or investments by United States nationals. The discussion must also consider the impact of hyperinflation if hyperinflation has occurred in any of the periods for which audited financial statements or unaudited interim financial statements are filed. See Section 210.3-20(c) of this chapter (Rule 3-20(c) of Regulation S-X) for a discussion of cumulative inflation rates that may trigger the requirement in this instruction 9 to this paragraph (b).

10. If the registrant is a foreign private issuer, the discussion must focus on the primary financial statements presented in the registration statement or report. The foreign private issuer must refer to the reconciliation to United States generally accepted accounting principles and discuss any aspects of the difference between foreign and United States generally accepted accounting principles, not discussed in the reconciliation, that the registrant believes are necessary for an understanding of the financial statements as a whole, if applicable.

11. The term statement of comprehensive income is as defined in section 210.1-02 of this chapter (Rule 1-02 of Regulation S-X).

SEC Rules
Regulation S-X
Form and Content of and Requirements for Financial Statements
BANK HOLDING COMPANIES
Section 9-06

Condensed financial information of registrant.

The information prescribed by Section 210.12-04 shall be presented in a note to the financial statements when the restricted net assets (Section 210.1-02(dd)) of consolidated subsidiaries exceed 25 percent of consolidated net assets as of the end of the most recently completed fiscal year. The investment in and indebtedness of and to bank subsidiaries shall be stated separately in the condensed balance sheet from amounts for other subsidiaries; the amount of cash dividends paid to the registrant for each of the last three years by bank subsidiaries shall be stated separately in the condensed statement of comprehensive income from amounts for other subsidiaries.

SEC Rules
Regulation S-X
Form and Content of and Requirements for Financial Statements
GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS AS TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Section 3-13

Filing of other financial statements in certain cases.

The Commission may, upon the informal written request of the registrant, and where consistent with the protection of investors, permit the omission of one or more of the financial statements herein required or the filing in substitution therefor of appropriate statements of comparable character. The Commission may also by informal written notice require the filing of other financial statements in addition to, or in substitution for, the statements herein required in any case where such statements are necessary or appropriate for an adequate presentation of the financial condition of any person whose financial statements are required, or whose statements are otherwise necessary for the protection of investors.

National Instrument 81-102 Investment Funds
Part 15.1 Investment Risk Classification Methodology
Section 15.1.1

Use of Investment Risk Classification Methodology

A mutual fund must

(a) determine its investment risk level, at least annually, in accordance with Appendix F Investment Risk Classification Methodology, and

(b) disclose its investment risk level in the fund facts document in accordance with Part I, Item 4 of Form 81-101F3 of National Instrument 81-101 Mutual Fund Prospectus Disclosure, or the ETF facts document in accordance with Part I, Item 4 of Form 41- 101F4 of National Instrument 41-101 General Prospectus Requirements, as applicable.

National Instrument 52-107 Acceptable Accounting Principles and Auditing Standards
Part 1 Definitions and Interpretation
Section 1.1 Definitions

SEC issuer

In this Instrument:…

“SEC issuer” means an issuer that

(a) has a class of securities registered under section 12 of the 1934 Act or is required to file reports under section 15(d) of the 1934 Act, and

(b) is not registered or required to be registered as an investment company under the Investment Company Act of 1940 of the United States of America, as amended from time to time;

Lexata note: “SEC issuer” is defined the same way in NI 51-102, which is in turn cross-referenced in NI 41-101.

SEC Rules
Regulation S-X
Form and Content of and Requirements for Financial Statements
APPLICATION OF REGULATION S-X
Section 1-01

Application of Regulation S-X (17 CFR part 210).

(a) This part (together with the Financial Reporting Releases (part 211 of this chapter)) sets forth the form and content of and requirements for financial statements required to be filed as a part of:

(1) Registration statements under the Securities Act of 1933 (part 239 of this chapter), except as otherwise specifically provided in the forms which are to be used for registration under this Act;

(2) Registration statements under section 12 (subpart C of part 249 of this chapter), annual or other reports under sections 13 and 15(d) (subparts D and E of part 249 of this chapter), and proxy and information statements under section 14 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 except as otherwise specifically provided in the forms which are to be used for registration and reporting under these sections of this Act; and

(3) Registration statements and shareholder reports under the Investment Company Act of 1940 (part 274 of this chapter), except as otherwise specifically provided in the forms which are to be used for registration under this Act.

(b) The term financial statements as used in this part shall be deemed to include all notes to the statements and all related schedules.

(c) In addition to filings pursuant to the Federal securities laws, Section 210.4-10 applies to the preparation of accounts by persons engaged, in whole or in part, in the production of crude oil or natural gas in the United States pursuant to section 503 of the Energy Policy and Conservation Act of 1975 (42 U.S.C. 6383) (EPCA) and section 1(c) of the Energy Supply and Environmental Coordination Act of 1974 (15 U.S.C. 796), as amended by section 505 of EPCA.

National Instrument 51-102 Continuous Disclosure Obligations
Part 5 Management's Discussion and Analysis
Section 5.2

Filing of MD&A for SEC Issuers

(1) If an SEC issuer that is a reporting issuer is filing its annual or interim MD&A prepared in accordance with Item 303 of Regulation S-K under the 1934 Act, the SEC issuer must file that document on or before the earlier of

(a) the date the SEC issuer would be required to file that document under section 5.1; and

(b) the date the SEC issuer files that document with the SEC.

GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS AS TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
SEC Rules
Regulation S-X
Form and Content of and Requirements for Financial Statements
Section 3-14

Special instructions for financial statements of real estate operations acquired or to be acquired.

(a) Financial statements required.

(1) Financial statements (except the related schedules specified in Section 210.12) prepared and audited in accordance with Regulation S-X (including the independence standards in Section 210.2-01 or, alternatively if the real estate operation is not a registrant, the applicable independence standards) for the periods specified in paragraph (b) of this section and the supplemental information specified in paragraph (f) of this section must be filed if any of the following conditions exist:

(i) During the most recent fiscal year or subsequent interim period for which a balance sheet is required by Section 210.3-01, an acquisition of a real estate operation has occurred; or

(ii) After the date of the most recent balance sheet filed pursuant to Section 210.3-01, consummation of an acquisition of a real estate operation has occurred or is probable.

(2) For purposes of determining whether the provisions of this section apply:

(i) The term real estate operation means a business (as set forth in Section 210.11-01(d)) that generates substantially all of its revenues through the leasing of real property.

(ii) The acquisition of a real estate operation encompasses the acquisition of an interest in a real estate operation accounted for by the registrant under the equity method or, in lieu of the equity method, the fair value option.

(3) Acquisitions of a group of related real estate operations that are probable or that have occurred subsequent to the latest fiscal year-end for which audited financial statements of the registrant have been filed will be treated under this section as if they are a single acquisition. The required financial statements may be presented on a combined basis for any periods they are under common control or management. For purposes of this section, acquisitions will be deemed to be related if:

(i) They are under common control or management;

(ii) The acquisition of one real estate operation is conditional on the acquisition of each other real estate operation; or

(iii) Each acquisition is conditioned on a single common event.

(4) This section does not apply to a real estate operation that is totally held by the registrant prior to consummation of the transaction.

(b) Periods to be presented.

(1) If registering an offering of securities to the security holders of the real estate operation to be acquired, then the financial statements specified in paragraph (c) of this section and the supplemental information specified in paragraph (f) of this section must be filed for the real estate operation to be acquired for the periods specified in Section 210.3-01 and 210.3-02, except as provided otherwise for filings on Form S-4 or F-4 ( Section 239.25 or Section 239.34 oof this chapter).

(2) In all cases not specified in paragraph (b)(1) of this section, financial statements of the real estate operation acquired or to be acquired must be filed for the periods specified in this paragraph (b)(2) or such shorter period as the real estate operation has been in existence. The periods for which such financial statements are to be filed must be determined using the investment test condition specified in the definition of significant subsidiary in Section 210.1-02(w)(1)(i) modified as follows:

(i)

(A) If the condition does not exceed 20 percent, financial statements are not required.

(B) If the condition exceeds 20 percent, financial statements of the real estate operation for at least the most recent fiscal year and the most recent interim period specified in Section 210.3-01 and 210.3-02 must be filed.

(C) If the aggregate impact of acquired or to be acquired real estate operations since the date of the most recent audited balance sheet filed for the registrant, for which financial statements are either not required by paragraph (b)(2)(i)(A) of this section or are not yet required based on paragraph (b)(3)(i) of this section, exceeds 50 percent, the registrant must provide the disclosures specified in paragraphs (b)(2)(i)(C)(1) and (b)(2)(i)(C)(2) of this section. If there are also businesses acquired or to be acquired as described in Section 210.3-05(b)(2)(iv), the requirements in Section 210.3-05(b)(2)(iv) will apply instead.

(1) Pro forma financial information pursuant to Section 210.11-01 through 210.11-02 that depicts the aggregate impact of these acquired or to be acquired real estate operations in all material respects; and

(2) Financial statements covering at least the most recent fiscal year and the most recent interim period specified in Section 210.3-01 and 210.3-02 for any acquired or to be acquired real estate operation for which financial statements are not yet required based on paragraph (b)(3)(i) of this section.

(ii) When the investment test is based on the total assets of the registrant and its subsidiaries consolidated, include any assumed debt secured by the real properties in the “investments in” the tested real estate operation.

(iii) The determination must be made using Section 210.11-01(b)(3) and (4).

(3) Financial statements required for the periods specified in paragraph (b)(2) of this section may be omitted to the extent specified as follows:

(i) Registration statements not subject to the provisions of Section 230.419 of this chapter and proxy statements need not include separate financial statements of the acquired or to be acquired real estate operation if neither the real estate operation nor the aggregate impact specified in paragraph (b)(2)(i)(C) of this section exceeds the condition of significance in the definition of significant subsidiary in Section 210.1-02(w)(1)(i), as modified by paragraphs (b)(2)(ii) and (iii) of this section, at the 50 percent level computed in accordance with paragraph (b)(2) of this section, and either:

(A) The consummation of the acquisition has not yet occurred; orf this chapter). The financial statements covering fiscal years must be audited except as provided in Item 14 of Schedule 14A ( Section 240.14a-101 of this chapter) with respect to certain proxy statements or in registration statements filed on Form S-4 or F-4 ( Section 239.25 or Section 239.34 of this chapter).

(B) The date of the final prospectus or prospectus supplement relating to an offering as filed with the Commission pursuant to Section 230.424(b) of this chapter, or mailing date in the case of a proxy statement, is no more than 74 days after consummation of the acquisition of the real estate operation, and the financial statements have not previously been filed by the registrant.

(ii) A registrant, other than a foreign private issuer required to file reports on Form 6-K ( Section 249.306 of this chapter), that omits from its initial registration statement financial statements of a recently consummated acquisition of a real estate operation pursuant to paragraph (b)(3)(i) of this section must file those financial statements and any pro forma information specified by Section 210.11-01 through 210.11-03 (Article 11) under cover of Form 8-K ( Section 249.308 of this chapter) no later than 75 days after consummation of the acquisition.

(iii) Separate financial statements of the acquired real estate operation specified in paragraph (b)(2)(i)(B) of this section need not be presented once the operating results of the acquired real estate operation have been reflected in the audited consolidated financial statements of the registrant for at least nine months.

(c) Presentation of the financial statements.

(1) The financial statements prepared and audited in accordance with Regulation S-X may be only statements of revenues and expenses excluding expenses not comparable to the proposed future operations such as mortgage interest, leasehold rental, depreciation, amortization, corporate overhead and income taxes.

(2) The notes to the financial statements must include the following disclosures:

(i) The type of omitted expenses and the reason(s) why they are excluded from the financial statements;

(ii) A description of how the financial statements presented are not indicative of the results of operations of the acquired real estate operation going forward because of the omitted expenses; and

(iii) Information about the real estate operation’s operating, investing and financing cash flows, to the extent available.

(d) Financial statements of a foreign real estate operation. Financial statements of an acquired or to be acquired foreign business (as defined in Section 210.1-02(l)) that is a real estate operation, specified in paragraph (c) of this section and meeting the requirements of Item 17 of Form 20-F ( Section 249.220f of this chapter), will satisfy this section. Such financial statements may be reconciled to U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (U.S. GAAP) or International Financial Reporting Standards as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (IFRS-IASB) if the registrant is a foreign private issuer that prepares its financial statements in accordance with IFRS-IASB. This reconciliation must generally follow the form and content requirements in Item 17(c) of Form 20-F; however, accommodations in Item 17(c)(2) of Form 20-F that would be inconsistent with IFRS-IASB may not be applied, and IFRS 1, First-time Adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards, may be applied.

(e) Financial statements of an acquired or to be acquired real estate operation that would be a foreign private issuer if it were a registrant. Financial statements of an acquired or to be acquired real estate operation that is not a foreign business (as defined in Section 210.1-02(l)), but would qualify as a foreign private issuer (as defined in Section 230.405 and 240.3b-4 of this chapter) if it were a registrant, may be prepared in accordance with IFRS-IASB without reconciliation to U.S. GAAP or, if the registrant is a foreign private issuer that prepares its financial statements in accordance with IFRS-IASB, may be prepared according to a comprehensive basis of accounting principles other than U.S. GAAP or IFRS-IASB and must be reconciled to IFRS-IASB or to U.S. GAAP. This reconciliation must generally follow the form and content requirements in Item 17(c) of Form 20-F; however, accommodations in Item 17(c)(2) of Form 20-F that would be inconsistent with IFRS-IASB may not be applied, and IFRS 1, First-time Adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards, may be applied.

(f) Supplemental information. For each real estate operation for which financial statements are required to be filed by paragraphs (b)(2)(i)(B) and (b)(2)(i)(C)(2) of this section, material factors considered by the registrant in assessing the real estate operation must be described with specificity in the filing, including sources of revenue (including, but not limited to, competition in the rental market, comparative rents, and occupancy rates) and expense (including, but not limited to, utility rates, property tax rates, maintenance expenses, and capital improvements anticipated). The disclosure must also indicate that the registrant is not aware of any other material factors relating to the specific real estate operation that would cause the reported financial statements not to be indicative of future operating results.

Instruction 1 to paragraph (f): When the financial statements are presented in Form S-11 ( Section 239.18 of this chapter), the discussion of material factors considered should supplement the disclosures required by Item 15 of Form S-11.

Canada Business Corporations Act
CBCA Regulation, Part 8 Financial Disclosure
Section 70 Interpretation

SEC registrant (as defined under the Canada Business Corporations Act)

The following definitions apply in this Part:

SEC registrant means a corporation that

(a) has securities registered under section 12 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 of the United States, as amended from time to time, or is required to file reports under section 15(d) of that Act; and

(b) is not registered or required to be registered as an investment company under the Investment Company Act of 1940 of the United States, as amended from time to time.

SEC Rules
Regulation S-X
Form and Content of and Requirements for Financial Statements
FORM AND CONTENT OF SCHEDULES, FOR MANAGEMENT INVESTMENT COMPANIES
Section 12-15

Summary of investments – other than investments in related parties.

[For Insurance Companies]

Column A Column B Column C Column D
Type of investment Cost1 Value Amount at which shown in the balance sheet2
Fixed maturities:
Bonds:
United States Government and government
agencies and authorities
States, municipalities and political subdivisions
Foreign governments
Public utilities
Convertibles and bonds with warrants attached3
All other corporate bonds
Certificates of deposit
Redeemable preferred stock
Total fixed maturities
Equity securities:
Common stocks:
Public utilities
Banks, trust and insurance companies
Industrial, miscellaneous and all other
Nonredeemable preferred stocks
Total equity securities
Mortgage loans on real estate
Real estate4
Policy loans
Other long-term investments
Short-term investments
Total investments

1 Original cost of equity securities and, as to fixed maturities, original cost reduced by repayments and adjusted for amortization of premiums or accrual of discounts.

2 If the amount at which shown in the balance sheet is different from the amount shown in either column B or C, state the reason for such difference. The total of this column should agree with the balance sheet.

3 All convertibles and bonds with warrants shall be included in this caption, regardless of issuer.

4 State separately any real estate acquired in satisfaction of debt.

National Instrument 52-109 Certification of Disclosure in Issuers' Annual and Interim Filings
Part 8 Exemptions
Section 8.1

Exemption From Annual Requirements For Issuers That Comply With U.S. Laws

(1) Subject to subsection (2), Parts 2, 3, 4, 6 and 7 do not apply to an issuer for a financial year if

(a) the issuer is in compliance with the SOX 302 Rules and the issuer files signed certificates relating to its annual report under the 1934 Act separately, but concurrently, and as soon as practicable after they are filed with or furnished to the SEC; and

(b) the issuer is in compliance with the SOX 404 Rules, and the issuer files management’s annual report on internal control over financial reporting and the attestation report on management’s assessment of internal control over financial reporting included in the issuer’s annual report under the 1934 Act for the financial year, if applicable, as soon as practicable after they are filed with or furnished to the SEC.

(2) Despite subsection (1), Parts 2, 3, 4, 6 and 7 apply to an issuer for a financial year if the issuer’s annual financial statements, annual MD&A or AIF, that together comprise the issuer’s annual filings, differ from the annual financial statements, annual MD&A or AIF filed with or furnished to the SEC, or included as exhibits to other documents filed with or furnished to the SEC, and certified in compliance with the SOX 302 Rules.

FORM AND CONTENT OF SCHEDULES, FOR FACE AMOUNT CERTIFICATE INVESTMENT COMPANIES
SEC Rules
Regulation S-X
Form and Content of and Requirements for Financial Statements
Section 12-25

Supplementary profit and loss information.

Column A – Item1 Column B – Charged to investment expense Column C – Charged to other accounts Column D – Total
(1) – Account (2) – Account
1. Legal expenses (including those in connection with any matter, measure or proceeding before legislative bodies, officers or government departments)
2. Advertising and publicity
3. Sales promotion2
4. Payments directly and indirectly to trade associations and service organizations, and contributions to other organizations

1 Amounts resulting from transactions with affiliates shall be stated separately.

2 State separately each category of expense representing more than 5 percent of the total expense shown under this item.

SEC Rules
Regulation S-X
Form and Content of and Requirements for Financial Statements
GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS AS TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Section 3-16

Financial statements of affiliates whose securities collateralize an issue registered or being registered.

The requirements of this section shall apply to each registered security issued and outstanding before January 4, 2021, unless the requirements of Section 210.13-02 apply.

(a) For each of the registrant’s affiliates whose securities constitute a substantial portion of the collateral for any class of securities registered or being registered, there shall be filed the financial statements that would be required if the affiliate were a registrant and required to file financial statements. However, financial statements need not be filed pursuant to this section for any person whose statements are otherwise separately included in the filing on an individual basis or on a basis consolidated with its subsidiaries.

(b) For the purposes of this section, securities of a person shall be deemed to constitute a substantial portion of collateral if the aggregate principal amount, par value, or book value of the securities as carried by the registrant, or the market value of such securities, whichever is the greatest, equals 20 percent or more of the principal amount of the secured class of securities.

FORM AND CONTENT OF SCHEDULES, FOR MANAGEMENT INVESTMENT COMPANIES
SEC Rules
Regulation S-X
Form and Content of and Requirements for Financial Statements
Section 12-12

Investments in securities of unaffiliated issuers.

[For management investment companies only]

Col. A Col. B Col. C
Name of issuer and title of issue1 2 3 4 Balance held at close of period. Number of shares – principal amount of bonds and notes7 Value of each item at close of period.5 6 8 9 10

1 Each issue shall be listed separately: Provided, however, that an amount not exceeding five percent of the total of Column C may be listed in one amount as “Miscellaneous securities,” provided the securities so listed are not restricted, have been held for not more than one year prior to the date of the related balance sheet, and have not previously been reported by name to the shareholders of the person for which the schedule is filed or to any exchange, or set forth in any registration statement, application, or annual report or otherwise made available to the public. If any securities are listed as “Miscellaneous securities,” briefly explain in a footnote what the term represents.

2 Categorize the schedule by (i) the type of investment (such as common stocks, preferred stocks, convertible securities, fixed income securities, government securities, options purchased, warrants, loan participations and assignments, commercial paper, bankers’ acceptances, certificates of deposit, short-term securities, repurchase agreements, other investment companies, and so forth); and (ii) the related industry, country, or geographic region of the investment. Short-term debt instruments (i.e., debt instruments whose maturities or expiration dates at the time of acquisition are one year or less) of the same issuer may be aggregated, in which case the range of interest rates and maturity dates shall be indicated. For issuers of periodic payment plan certificates and unit investment trusts, list separately: (i) Trust shares in trusts created or serviced by the depositor or sponsor of this trust; (ii) trust shares in other trusts; and (iii) securities of other investment companies. Restricted securities shall not be combined with unrestricted securities of the same issuer. Repurchase agreements shall be stated separately showing for each the name of the party or parties to the agreement, the date of the agreement, the total amount to be received upon repurchase, the repurchase date and description of securities subject to the repurchase agreements.

3 For options purchased, all information required by Section 210.12-13 for options contracts written should be shown. Options on underlying investments where the underlying investment would otherwise be presented in accordance with Section 210.12-12, 12-13A, 12-13B, 12-13C, or 12-13D should include the description of the underlying investment as would be required by Section 210.12-12, 12-13A, 12-13B, 12-13C, or 12-13D as part of the description of the option.

4 Indicate the interest rate or preferential dividend rate and maturity date, as applicable, for preferred stocks, convertible securities, fixed income securities, government securities, loan participations and assignments, commercial paper, bankers’ acceptances, certificates of deposit, short-term securities, repurchase agreements, or other instruments with a stated rate of income. For variable rate securities, indicate a description of the reference rate and spread and: (1) The end of period interest rate or (2) disclose the end of period reference rate for each reference rate described in the Schedule in a note to the Schedule. For securities with payment in kind income, disclose the rate paid in kind.

5 The subtotals for each category of investments, subdivided both by type of investment and industry, country or geographic region, shall be shown together with their percentage value compared to net assets. ( Section 210.6-04.19 or 210.6-05.4.)

6 Column C shall be totaled. The total of Column C shall agree with the correlative amounts shown on the related balance sheet.

7 Indicate by an appropriate symbol each issue of securities which is non-income producing. Evidences of indebtedness and preferred shares may be deemed to be income producing if, on the respective last interest payment date or date for the declaration of dividends prior to the date of the related balance sheet, there was only a partial payment of interest or a declaration of only a partial amount of the dividends payable; in such case, however, each such issue shall be indicated by an appropriate symbol referring to a note to the effect that, on the last interest or dividend date, only partial interest was paid or partial dividends declared. If, on such respective last interest or dividend date, no interest was paid or no cash or in kind dividends declared, the issue shall not be deemed to be income producing. Common shares shall not be deemed to be income producing unless, during the last year preceding the date of the related balance sheet, there was at least one dividend paid upon such common shares.

8 Indicate by an appropriate symbol each issue of restricted securities. State the following in a footnote: (a) As to each such issue: (1) Acquisition date, (2) carrying value per unit of investment at date of related balance sheet, e.g., a percentage of current market value of unrestricted securities of the same issuer, etc., and (3) the cost of such securities; (b) as to each issue acquired during the year preceding the date of the related balance sheet, the carrying value per unit of investment of unrestricted securities of the same issuer at: (1) The day the purchase price was agreed to; and (2) the day on which an enforceable right to acquire such securities was obtained; and (c) the aggregate value of all restricted securities and the percentage which the aggregate value bears to net assets.

9 Indicate by an appropriate symbol each issue of securities whose value was determined using significant unobservable inputs.

10 Indicate by an appropriate symbol each issue of securities held in connection with open put or call option contracts, loans for short sales, or where any portion of the issue is on loan.

FORM AND CONTENT OF SCHEDULES, FOR FACE AMOUNT CERTIFICATE INVESTMENT COMPANIES
SEC Rules
Regulation S-X
Form and Content of and Requirements for Financial Statements
Section 12-21

Investments in securities of unaffiliated issuers.

Column A- Name of issuer and title of issue1 Column B – Balance held at close of period. Number of shares – principal amount of bonds and notes2 Column C – Cost of each item3 4 Column D – Value of each item at close of period3 5

1 (a) The required information is to be given as to all securities held as of the close of the period of report. Each issue shall be listed separately.

(b) Indicate by an appropriate symbol those securities which are non-income-producing securities. Evidences of indebtedness and preferred shares may be deemed to be income-producing if, on the respective last interest payment date or dates for the declaration of dividends prior to the date of the related balance sheet, there was only a partial payment of interest or a declaration of only a partial amount of the dividends payable; in such case, however, each such issue shall be indicated by an appropriate symbol referring to a note to the effect that, on the last interest or dividend date, only partial interest was paid or partial dividends declared. If, on such respective last interest or dividend date, no interest was paid or no dividends declared, the issue shall not be deemed to be income-producing. Common shares shall not be deemed to be income-producing unless, during the last year preceding the date of the related balance sheet, there was at least one dividend paid upon such common shares. List separately (1) bonds; (2) preferred shares; (3) common shares. Within each of these subdivisions classify according to type of business, insofar as practicable: e.g., investment companies, railroads, utilities, banks, insurance companies, or industrials. Give totals for each group, subdivision, and class.

2 Indicate any securities subject to option at the end of the most recent period and state in a note the amount subject to option, the option prices, and the dates within which such options may be exercised.

3 Columns C and D shall be totaled. The totals of columns C and D should agree with the correlative amounts required to be shown by the related balance sheet captions. State in a footnote to column C the aggregate cost for Federal income tax purposes.

4 If any investments have been written down or reserved against by such companies pursuant to Section 210.6-03(d), indicate each such item by means of an appropriate symbol and explain in a footnote.

5 Where value is determined on any other basis than closing prices reported on any national securities exchange, explain such other basis in a footnote.

SEC Rules
Regulation S-X
Form and Content of and Requirements for Financial Statements
EMPLOYEE STOCK PURCHASE, SAVINGS AND SIMILAR PLANS
Section 6A-04

Statements of comprehensive income and changes in plan equity.

Statements of comprehensive income and changes in plan equity filed under this rule shall comply with the following provisions:

1. Net investment income.

(a) Income. State separately income from (1) cash dividends; (2) interest, and (3) other sources. Income from investments in or indebtedness of participating employers shall be segregated under the appropriate subcaption.

(b) Expenses. State separately any significant amounts.

(c) Net investment income.

2. Realized gain or loss on investments. (a) State separately the net of gains or losses arising from transactions in (1) investments in securities of the participating employer or employers; (2) other investments in securities; and (3) other investments.

(b) State in a footnote or otherwise for each category of investment in paragraph (a) above the aggregate cost, the aggregate proceeds and the net gain or loss. State the principle followed in determining the cost of securities sold, e.g., average cost or first-in, first-out.

3. Unrealized appreciation or depreciation of investments. (a) State the amount of increase or decrease in unrealized appreciation or depreciation of investments during the period.

(b) State in a footnote or otherwise the amount of unrealized appreciation or depreciation of investments at the beginning of the period of report, at the end of the period of report, and the increase or decrease during the period.

4. Contributions and deposits. (a) State separately (1) total of amounts deposited by participating employees, and (2) total of amounts contributed by the participating employer or employers.

(b) If employees of more than one employer participate in the plan, state in tabular form in a footnote or otherwise the amount contributed by each employer and the deposits of the employees of each such employer.

5. Withdrawals, lapses and forfeitures. State separately (a) balances of employees’ accounts withdrawn, lapsed or forfeited during the period; (b) amounts disbursed in settlement of such accounts; and (c) disposition of balances remaining after settlement specified in (b).

6. Plan equity at beginning of period.

7. Plan equity at end of period.

SEC Rules
Regulation S-X
Form and Content of and Requirements for Financial Statements
FORM AND CONTENT OF SCHEDULES, FOR MANAGEMENT INVESTMENT COMPANIES
Section 12-12A

Investments – securities sold short.

[For management investment companies only]

Col. A Col. B Col. C
Name of issuer and title of issue1 2 3  Balance of short position at close of period (number of shares) Value of each open short position 4 5 6

1 Each issue shall be listed separately.

2 Categorize the schedule as required by instruction 2 of Section 210.12-12.

3 Indicate the interest rate or preferential dividend rate and maturity date, as applicable, for preferred stocks, convertible securities, fixed income securities, government securities, loan participations and assignments, commercial paper, bankers’ acceptances, certificates of deposit, short-term securities, repurchase agreements, or other instruments with a stated rate of income. For variable rate securities, indicate a description of the reference rate and spread and: (1) The end of period interest rate or (2) disclose the end of period reference rate for each reference rate described in the Schedule in a note to the Schedule. For securities with payment in kind income, disclose the rate paid in kind.

4 The subtotals for each category of investments, subdivided both by type of investment and industry, country, or geographic region, shall be shown together with their percentage value compared to net assets.

5 Column C shall be totaled. The total of Column C shall agree with the correlative amounts shown on the related balance sheet.

6 Indicate by an appropriate symbol each issue of securities whose value was determined using significant unobservable inputs.

SEC Rules
Regulation S-X
Form and Content of and Requirements for Financial Statements
RULES OF GENERAL APPLICATION
Section 4-04

Omission of substantially identical notes.

If a note covering substantially the same subject matter is required with respect to two or more financial statements relating to the same or affiliated persons, for which separate sets of notes are presented, the required information may be shown in a note to only one of such statements: Provided, That a clear and specific reference thereto is made in each of the other statements with respect to which the note is required.

CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
SEC Rules
Regulation S-X
Form and Content of and Requirements for Financial Statements
Section 3A-03

Statement as to principles of consolidation or combination followed.

(a) [Reserved]

(b) As to each consolidated financial statement and as to each combined financial statement, if there has been a change in the persons included or excluded in the corresponding statement for the preceding fiscal period filed with the Commission that has a material effect on the financial statements, the persons included and the persons excluded shall be disclosed.

Proposed Companion Policy 51-107CP Disclosure of Climate-Related Matters
Part 2 TCFD Recommendations
Section 4

Consistency with Existing Disclosure Requirements

Certain disclosure requirements contained in the Instrument are consistent with pre-existing disclosure requirements under Canadian securities legislation. For example, item 1 (a) of Form 51-107B requires issuers to describe the climate-related risks and opportunities it has identified over the short, medium, and long term. This disclosure requirement is consistent with risk factor disclosure required under National Instrument 51-102 Continuous Disclosure Obligations. An issuer is required to disclose in its annual information form, if any, risk factors relating to it and its business that would be most likely to influence an investor’s decision to purchase the issuer’s securities, and an issuer is required to discuss in its annual management’s discussion and analysis its analysis of its operations for the most recently completed financial year, including commitments, events, risks or uncertainties that it reasonably believes will materially affect its future performance.

GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS AS TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
SEC Rules
Regulation S-X
Form and Content of and Requirements for Financial Statements
Section 3-10

Financial statements of guarantors and issuers of guaranteed securities registered or being registered.

(a) If an issuer or guarantor of a guaranteed security that is registered or being registered is required to file financial statements required by Regulation S-X with respect to the guarantee or guaranteed security, such financial statements may be omitted if the issuer or guarantor is a consolidated subsidiary of the parent company, the parent company’s consolidated financial statements have been filed, and the conditions in paragraphs (a)(1) and (2) of this section have been met:

(1) The guaranteed security is debt or debt-like; and

(i) The parent company issues the security or co-issues the security, jointly and severally, with one or more of its consolidated subsidiaries; or

(ii) A consolidated subsidiary issues the security or co-issues the security with one or more other consolidated subsidiaries of the parent company, and the security is guaranteed fully and unconditionally by the parent company; and

(2) The parent company provides the disclosures specified in Section 210.13-01.

(b) For the purposes of this section and Section 210.13-01:

(1) The “parent company” is the entity that:

(i) Is an issuer or guarantor of the guaranteed security;

(ii) Is, or as a result of the subject Securities Act registration statement will be, an Exchange Act reporting company; and

(iii) Consolidates each subsidiary issuer and/or subsidiary guarantor of the guaranteed security in its consolidated financial statements.

(2) A security is “debt or debt-like” if it has the following characteristics:

(i) The issuer has a contractual obligation to pay a fixed sum at a fixed time; and

(ii) Where the obligation to make such payments is cumulative, a set amount of interest must be paid.

Note 1 to paragraph (b)(2). Neither the form of the security nor its title will determine whether a security is debt or debt-like. Instead, the substance of the obligation created by the security will be determinative.

Note 2 to paragraph (b)(2). The phrase “set amount of interest” is not intended to mean “fixed amount of interest.” Floating and adjustable rate securities, as well as indexed securities, may meet the criteria specified in paragraph (b)(2)(ii) of this section as long as the payment obligation is set in the debt instrument and can be determined from objective indices or other factors that are outside the discretion of the obligor.

(3) A guarantee is “full and unconditional,” if, when an issuer of a guaranteed security has failed to make a scheduled payment, the guarantor is obligated to make the scheduled payment immediately and, if it does not, any holder of the guaranteed security may immediately bring suit directly against the guarantor for payment of all amounts due and payable.

Part III Overview of the Statutory Prohibitions Against Selective Disclosure
National Policy 51-201 Disclosure Standards
Section 3.3

Necessary Course of Business

(1) The “tipping” provision allows a company to make a selective disclosure if doing so is in the “necessary course of business”. The question of whether a particular disclosure is being made in the necessary course of business is a mixed question of law and fact that must be determined in each case and in light of the policy reasons for the tipping provisions. Tipping is prohibited so that everyone in the market has equal access to, and opportunity to act upon, material information. Insider trading and tipping prohibitions are designed to ensure that anyone who has access to material undisclosed information does not trade or assist others in trading to the disadvantage of investors generally.

(2) Different interpretations are being applied, in practice, to the phrase “necessary course of business”.[FN 13] As a result, we believe interpretive guidance in this regard is necessary. The “necessary course of business” exception exists so as not to unduly interfere with a company’s ordinary business activities. For example, the “necessary course of business” exception would generally cover communications with:

(a) vendors, suppliers, or strategic partners on issues such as research and development, sales and marketing, and supply contracts;

(b) employees, officers, and board members;

(c) lenders, legal counsel, auditors, underwriters, and financial and other professional advisors to the company;

(d) parties to negotiations;

(e) labour unions and industry associations;

(f) government agencies and non-governmental regulators; and

(g) credit rating agencies (provided that the information is disclosed for the purpose of assisting the agency to formulate a credit rating and the agency’s ratings generally are or will be publicly available).

(3) Securities legislation prohibits any person or company that is proposing to make a take-over bid, become a party to a reorganization, amalgamation, merger, arrangement or similar business combination or acquire a substantial portion of a company’s property from informing anyone of material information that has not been generally disclosed. An exception to this prohibition is provided where the material information is given in the “necessary course of business” to effect the take-over bid, business combination or acquisition.

(4) Disclosures by a company in connection with a private placement may be in the “necessary course of business” for companies to raise financing. The ability to raise financing is important. We recognize that select communications between the parties to a private placement of material information may be necessary to effect the private placement. [FN 14] Communications to controlling shareholders may also, in certain circumstances, be considered in the “necessary course of business.” [FN 15] Nevertheless, we believe that in these situations, material information that is provided to private placees and controlling shareholders should be generally disclosed at the earliest opportunity.

(5) The “necessary course of business” exception would not generally permit a company to make a selective disclosure of material corporate information to an analyst, institutional investor or other market professional. [FN 16]

(6) There may be situations where an analyst will be “brought over the wall” to act as an advisor in a specific transaction involving a reporting issuer they would normally issue research about. In these situations, the analyst becomes a “person in a special relationship” with the reporting issuer and is subject to the prohibitions against tipping and insider trading. This means that the analyst is prohibited from further informing anyone of material undisclosed information they learn in this advisory capacity, including issuing any research recommendations or reports. [FN 17]

(7) We draw a distinction between disclosures to credit rating agencies, which would generally be regarded as being in the “necessary course of business,” and disclosures to analysts, which would not be. This distinction is based on differences in the nature of the business they are engaged in and in how they use the information. The credit ratings generated by rating agencies are either confidential (disclosed only to the company seeking the rating) or directed at a wide public audience. Generally, the objective of the rating process is a widely available publication of the rating. [FN 18] The reports generated by analysts are targeted, first and foremost, to an analyst’s firm’s clients. Also, rating agencies are not in the business of trading in the securities they rate. Sell-side analysts are typically employed by investment dealers that are in the business of buying and selling, underwriting, and advising with respect to securities. Further, securities legislation requires specified ratings from designated rating organizations in certain circumstances. [FN 19] Consequently, ratings form part of the statutory framework of provincial securities legislation in a way that analysts’ reports do not.

(8) When companies communicate with the media, they should be mindful not to selectively disclose material information that has not been generally disclosed. The “necessary course of business” exception would not generally permit a company to make a selective disclosure of material undisclosed information to the media. However, we are not suggesting that companies should stop speaking to the media. We recognize that the media can play an important role in informing and educating the marketplace.

FN 13 See Re Royal Trustco Ltd. et al. and Ontario Securities Commission (1983), 42 O.R. (2d) 147 (Div. Ct.) affirming (1981), 2 O.S.C.B. 322C. In Royal Trustco, it was alleged that two officers had revealed to a major shareholder, other than in the “necessary course of business” certain material facts in relation to the affairs of Royal Trustco that had not been generally disclosed including: (i) that approximately 60% of the shares of Royal Trustco were owned by persons or companies who the officers knew or had reason to believe would not tender pursuant to a bid; and (ii) that Royal Trustco management was considering recommending to the board that the dividends payable on the Royal Trustco shares be increased. The Court held that the information disclosed fell within the category of material facts and that such material facts had been made available to such shareholder not “in the necessary course of business” from Royal Trustco’s perspective.

FN 14 Securities legislation provides an exemption from the insider trading and selective disclosure prohibition where the person or company who trades with material undisclosed information or tips it proves that they reasonably believed that the other party to the trade or the tippee had knowledge of the information. Under the Québec Securities Act, the person or company must be justified in believing that the information is known to the other party.

FN 15 For example, a company may need to share sensitive strategic information with a controlling shareholder when preparing consolidated financial statements.

FN 16 See In the Matter of Gary George (1999), 22 OSCB 717, where the Ontario Securities Commission addressed in obiter the issue of a selective disclosure made by an issuer’s chief executive officer to an analyst and the subsequent disclosure by the analyst to other members of his firm. We agree with the principles expressed by the Ontario Securities Commission:

It would appear that some corporate officers see the maintenance of good relations with analysts as being more important than ensuring equality of material information among shareholders. The fact that it was thought that [the analyst] was about to come out with a report as to [the issuer] which would overvalue its shares would in no way justify [the President] giving the information to [the analyst] rather than publicly disseminating it. If the information was material enough to cause [the analyst] to change his projections, it should have been publicly disseminated. In general, we view one-on-one discussions between an officer of a reporting issuer and an analyst as being fraught with difficulties.

Also see In the Matter of Air Canada, where employees of the company disclosed information about third quarter earnings per share results and a revised forecast for the next quarter to 13 analysts who covered the company but not to the marketplace generally. In the Excerpt from the Settlement Hearing Containing the Oral Reasons for Decision, the Ontario Securities Commission said:

Communication by a corporation with analysts is not covered under some exception; so what is disclosed to analysts, if it is material and will significantly affect the market price, or reasonably may be expected to significantly affect the market price of the shares of the issuer, should not be selectively disclosed.

FN 17 Parties to a transaction in which an analyst is “brought over the wall” should be mindful that bringing an analyst over the wall can be a risky practice and may in itself be a signal to others of a significant development involving a reporting issuer.

FN 18 This is consistent with the reasoning of the SEC in excluding ratings organizations from Regulation FD. As the SEC indicated in paragraph II.B.1.a., of the implementing release, “[r]atings organizations…have a mission of public disclosure; the objective and result of the ratings process is a widely available publication of the rating when it is completed.” 

FN 19 For example, under National Instrument 44-101 – Short Form Prospectus Distributions, alternative eligibility requirements allow companies without the requisite public float to issue “designated rating” non-convertible debt, preferred shares or cash-settled derivatives under a short form prospectus.

Form 51-107B Climate-Related Strategy, Risk Management and Metrics and Targets Disclosure (Proposed)
Item 2

Risk Management

(a) Describe the issuer’s processes for identifying and assessing climate-related risks.*

(b) Describe the issuer’s processes for managing climate-related risks.*

(c) Describe how processes for identifying, assessing, and managing climate-related risks are integrated into the issuer’s overall risk management.*

* Lexata note: these disclosure requirements are identical to the Recommendations of the Task-Force on Climate-Related Financial Disclosures (TCFD).

National Policy 51-201 Disclosure Standards
Part V Risks Associated With Certain Disclosures
Section 5.5

Selective Disclosure Violations Can Occur in a Variety of Settings

Selective disclosure most often occurs in one-on-one discussions (like analyst meetings) and in industry conferences and other types of private meetings and break-out sessions. But it can occur elsewhere. For example, a company should not disclose material nonpublic information at its annual shareholders meeting unless all interested members of the public may attend the meeting and the company has given adequate public notice of the meeting (including a description of what will be discussed at the meeting). Alternatively, a company can issue a news release at or before the time of the meeting.

SEC Rules
Regulation S-X
Form and Content of and Requirements for Financial Statements
FORM AND CONTENT OF SCHEDULES, GENERAL
Section 12-04

Condensed financial information of registrant.

(a) Provide condensed financial information as to financial position, cash flows and results of operations of the registrant as of the same dates and for the same periods for which audited consolidated financial statements are required. The financial information required need not be presented in greater detail than is required for condensed statements by Section 210.10-01(a) (2), (3) and (4). Detailed footnote disclosure which would normally be included with complete financial statements may be omitted with the exception of disclosures regarding material contingencies, long-term obligations and guarantees. Descriptions of significant provisions of the registrant’s long-term obligations, mandatory dividend or redemption requirements of redeemable stocks, and guarantees of the registrant shall be provided along with a five year schedule of maturities of debt. If the material contingencies, long-term obligations, redeemable stock requirements and guarantees of the registrant have been separately disclosed in the consolidated statements, they need not be repeated in this schedule.

(b) Disclose separately the amounts of cash dividends paid to the registrant for each of the last three fiscal years by consolidated subsidiaries, unconsolidated subsidiaries and 50 percent or less owned persons accounted for by the equity method, respectively.

SEC Rules
Regulation S-X
Form and Content of and Requirements for Financial Statements
RULES OF GENERAL APPLICATION
Section 4-01

Form, order, and terminology.

(a) Financial statements should be filed in such form and order, and should use such generally accepted terminology, as will best indicate their significance and character in the light of the provisions applicable thereto. The information required with respect to any statement shall be furnished as a minimum requirement to which shall be added such further material information as is necessary to make the required statements, in the light of the circumstances under which they are made, not misleading.

(1) Financial statements filed with the Commission which are not prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles will be presumed to be misleading or inaccurate, despite footnote or other disclosures, unless the Commission has otherwise provided. This article and other articles of Regulation S-X provide clarification of certain disclosures which must be included in any event, in financial statements filed with the Commission.

(2) In all filings of foreign private issuers (see Section 230.405 of this chapter), except as stated otherwise in the applicable form, the financial statements may be prepared according to a comprehensive set of accounting principles, other than those generally accepted in the United States or International Financial Reporting Standards as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board, if a reconciliation to U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles and the provisions of Regulation S-X of the type specified in Item 18 of Form 20-F (Section 249.220f of this chapter) is also filed as part of the financial statements. Alternatively, the financial statements may be prepared according to U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles or International Financial Reporting Standards as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board.

(b) All money amounts required to be shown in financial statements may be expressed in whole dollars or multiples thereof, as appropriate: Provided, That, when stated in other than whole dollars, an indication to that effect is inserted immediately beneath the caption of the statement or schedule, at the top of the money columns, or at an appropriate point in narrative material.

(c) Negative amounts (red figures) shall be shown in a manner which clearly distinguishes the negative attribute. When determining methods of display, consideration should be given to the limitations of reproduction and microfilming processes.

INSURANCE COMPANIES
SEC Rules
Regulation S-X
Form and Content of and Requirements for Financial Statements
Section 7-03

Balance sheets.

(a) The purpose of this rule is to indicate the various items which, if applicable, and except as otherwise permitted by the Commission, should appear on the face of the balance sheets and in the notes thereto filed for persons to whom this article pertains. (See Section 210.4-01(a).)

Assets

1. Investments – other than investments in related parties.

(a) Fixed maturities.

(b) Equity securities.

(c) Mortgage loans on real estate.

(d) Investment real estate.

(e) Policy loans.

(f) Other long-term investments.

(g) Short-term investments.

(h) Total investments.

Notes: (1) State parenthetically or otherwise in the balance sheet (a) the basis of determining the amounts shown in the balance sheet and (b) as to fixed maturities and equity securities either aggregate cost or aggregate value at the balance sheet date, whichever is the alternate amount of the carrying value in the balance sheet. Consideration shall be given to the discussion of “Valuation of Securities” in Section 404.03 of the Codification of Financial Reporting Policies.

(2) Include under fixed maturities: bonds, notes, marketable certificates of deposit with maturities beyond one year, and redeemable preferred stocks. Include under equity securities: common stocks and nonredeemable preferred stocks.

(3) State separately in the balance sheet or in a note thereto the amount of accumulated depreciation and amortization deducted from investment real estate. Subcaption (d) shall not include real estate acquired in settling title claims, mortgage guaranty claims, and similar insurance claims. Real estate acquired in settling claims shall be included in caption 10, “Other Assets,” or shown separately, if material.

(4) Include under subcaption (g) investments maturing within one year, such as commercial paper maturing within one year, marketable certificates of deposit maturing within one year, savings accounts, time deposits and other cash accounts and cash equivalents earning interest. State in a note any amounts subject to withdrawal or usage restrictions. (See Section 210.5-02.1.)

(5) State separately in a note the amount of any class of investments included in subcaption (f) if such amount exceeds ten percent of stockholders’ equity.

(6) State in a note the name of any person in which the total amount invested in the person and its affiliates, included in the above subcaptions, exceeds ten percent of total stockholders’ equity. For this disclosure, include in the amount invested in a person and its affiliates the aggregate of indebtedness and stocks issued by such person and its affiliates that is included in the several subcaptions above, and the amount of any real estate included in subcaption (d) that was purchased or acquired from such person and its affiliates. Indicate the amount included in each subcaption. An investment in bonds and notes of the United States Government or of a United States Government agency or authority which exceeds ten percent of total stockholders’ equity need not be reported.

(7) State in a note the amount of investments included under each subcaption (a), (c), (d) and (f) which have been non-income producing for the twelve months preceding the balance sheet date.

2. Cash. Cash on hand or on deposit that is restricted as to withdrawal or usage shall be disclosed separately on the balance sheet. The provisions of any restrictions shall be described in a note to the financial statements. Restrictions may include legally restricted deposits held as compensating balances against short-term borrowing arrangements, contracts entered into with others, or company statements of intention with regard to particular deposits. In cases where compensating balance arrangements exist but are not agreements which legally restrict the use of cash amounts shown on the balance sheet, describe in the notes to the financial statements these arrangements and the amount involved, if determinable, for the most recent audited balance sheet required. Compensating balances that are maintained under an agreement to assure future credit availability shall be disclosed in the notes to the financial statements along with the amount and terms of the agreement.

3. Securities and indebtedness of related parties. State separately (a) investments in related parties and (b) indebtedness from such related parties. (See Section 210.4-08(k).)

4. Accrued investment income.

5. Accounts and notes receivable. Include under this caption (a) amounts receivable from agents and insureds, (b) uncollected premiums and (c) other receivables. State separately in the balance sheet or in a note thereto any category of other receivable which is in excess of five percent of total assets. State separately in the balance sheet or in a note thereto the amount of allowance for doubtful accounts that was deducted.

6. Reinsurance recoverable.

7. Deferred policy acquisition costs.

8. Property and equipment. (a) State the basis of determining the amounts.

(b) State separately in the balance sheet or in a note thereto the amount of accumulated depreciation and amortization of property and equipment.

9. Title plant.

10. Other assets. State separately in the balance sheet or in a note thereto any other asset the amount of which exceeds five percent of total assets.

11. Separate account assets. Include under this caption the portion of separate account-assets representing contract holder funds required to be reported in an insurance entity’s financial statements as a summary total. An equivalent summary total for the related liability shall be included under caption 18.

12. Total assets.

Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity

13. Policy liabilities and accruals. (a) State separately in the balance sheet the amounts of (1) future policy benefits and losses, claims and loss expenses, (2) unearned premiums and.

(b) [Reserved]

14. Other policyholders’ funds. (a) Include amounts of supplementary contracts without life contingencies, policyholders’ dividend accumulations, undistributed earnings on participating business, dividends to policyholders and retrospective return premiums (not included elsewhere) and any similar items. State separately in the balance sheet or in a note thereto any item the amount of which is in excess of five percent of total liabilities.

(b) State in a note to the financial statements the relative significance of participating insurance expressed as percentages of (1) insurance in force and (2) premium income; and the method by which earnings and dividends allocable to such insurance is determined.

15. Other liabilities. (a) Include under this caption such items as accrued payrolls, accrued interest and taxes. State separately in the balance sheet or in a note thereto any item included in other liabilities the amount of which exceeds five percent of total liabilities.

(b) State separately in the balance sheet or in a note thereto the amount of (1) income taxes payable and (2) deferred income taxes. Disclose separately the amount of deferred income taxes applicable to unrealized appreciation of equity securities.

16. Notes payable, bonds, mortgages and similar obligations, including capitalized leases. (a) State separately in the balance sheet the amounts of (1) short-term debt and (2) long-term debt including capitalized leases.

(b) The disclosure required by Section 210.5-02.19(b) shall be given if the aggregate of short-term borrowings from banks, factors and other financial institutions and commercial paper issued exceeds five percent of total liabilities.

(c) The disclosure requirements of Section 210.5-02.22 shall be followed for long-term debt.

17. Indebtedness to related parties. (See Section 210.4-0.8(k).)

18. Liabilities related to separate accounts. [See caption 11.]

19. Commitments and contingent liabilities.

Redeemable Preferred Stocks

20. Preferred stocks subject to mandatory redemption requirements or whose redemption is outside the control of the issuer. The classification and disclosure requirements of Section 210.5-02.27 shall be followed.

Nonredeemable Preferred Stocks

21. Preferred stocks which are not redeemable or are redeemable solely at the option of the issuer. The classification and disclosure requirements of Section 210.5-02.28 shall be followed.

Common Stocks

22. Common stocks. The classification and disclosure requirements of Section 210.5-02.29 shall be followed.

Other Stockholders’ Equity

23. Other stockholders’ equity. (a) Separate captions shall be shown for (1) additional paid-in capital, (2) other additional capital, (3) accumulated other comprehensive income, (4) retained earnings (i) appropriated and (ii) unappropriated. (See Section 210.4-08(e).) Additional paid-in capital and other additional capital may be combined with the stock caption to which they apply, if appropriate.

(b) The classification and disclosure requirements of Section 210.5-02.30(b) shall be followed for dating and effect of a quasi-reorganization.

(c) State in a note the following information separately for (1) life insurance legal entities, and (2) property and liability insurance legal entities: The amount of statutory stockholders’ equity as of the date of each balance sheet presented and the amount of statutory net income or loss for each period for which a statement of comprehensive income is presented.

Noncontrolling Interests

24. Noncontrolling interests in consolidated subsidiaries. The disclosure requirements of Section 210.5-02.31 shall be followed.

25. Total liabilities and equity.